Friday, January 10, 2025

The winter of the ice volcanoes

 

Cold winters like this – with temperatures in the teens and twenties being the norm -- tend to make some people question why they live so far north. Those who stay know that, despite their nastiness, our winters are interesting in their own right and beauty can found in such harsh conditions.

 


One of the coolest sights of the winter months is out in force this year after a few warmer winters that weren’t conducive to their best development: Niagara County’s Lake Ontario shoreline is now home to countless ice volcanoes and more are being made.


An ice volcano is not a true volcano since it’s not a geological phenomenon. But, they are called volcanoes by laymen and scientists alike because there is no better way to describe what happens when the conditions are right and they are in their full fury.


When the waves come roaring in with heights in excess of 5 feet, they will go under ice sheets that have formed along the shore. The power of the waves will plow through a weak point in the ice – a hole or a crack – and spew through that spot.


Done repeatedly, that hole will grow in size and it is not uncommon to find blowholes up to 4 feet in diameter. Most become much smaller over time (and after subsequent freezes), but the waves still must seek the point of least resistance, so the water continues to break through the ice sheet in that spot in varying amounts of pressure and spray distance -- in a really good wind you can see eruptions 10 feet in height.


In a sustained storm, small conical mounds (over 5 feet in height) can appear over a day’s time because of this ... the spewing water creates its own mountains. Over days of good wave action, working ice volcanoes can make mountains up to 20 feet in height and they will continue to shoot water until the waves come to an end and the volcano becomes capped due to the lack of water exploding out in volume and consistency.


Ice volcanoes can be found anywhere along the Lake Ontario shore, but the best in Niagara County are to be found at Golden Hill State Park and Olcott Beach. That is because the shoreline in those places is somewhat protected by Thirty Mile Point and the breakwall, respectively, which inhibits a great deal of the predominant westerly winds and allows for a certain calmness which in turn allows substantial ice sheets to form along the shore. When the wind shifts to the north or northeast, that’s when the volcanoes will appear.


To see them in all of their glory, you will want to be there on the windiest, nastiest day possible, so prepare for the occasion — dress warmly and bring a facemask or scarf. You do not want to go on a calm day or one with a southwest wind as you will not see any eruptions (although you will still get to marvel at the size and shape of the volcanoes).


At Golden Hill, the best spot to see them is in the area near the boat launch, which is the entrance a quarter mile east of the main entrance to the park (where the campsites and lighthouse are) on Lower Lake Road in Barker. There is a spacious parking lot at the boat launch (and there is no admission fee charged even in-season). In Olcott, park in the hamlet or along Krull Park and walk to the area of the swimming beach.

 
A word of advice: do not venture out onto the ice sheet to look at or climb the volcanoes or mountains. The areas around the volcanoes can be incredibly strong from the build-up of ice or they can be very weak (there’s a reason water is blowing through that area) and they can easily cave in, and often do, just from their own weight.


So, the next time Mother Nature turns on us and you don’t mind taking the ride out to the lake and facing the elements head on, get out and enjoy the ice volcanoes. If you are there at the right time and under the right conditions, they can be pretty awesome ... and in the future you’ll be hoping for more cold and windy winters.

 

 

From the 11 January 2025 Greater Niagara Newspapers

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