tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2865366930562174992024-03-09T21:45:37.619-05:00BOB CONFER'S COMMENTARYBob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.comBlogger890125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-27706947297887414852024-02-05T06:30:00.002-05:002024-02-05T06:30:22.059-05:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Defaulting to climate change – science’s cardinal sin<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3poEXhAgREr4eWq5Ssru3aZgXvcbXzMsz176PsQug3K7uMRwvz1BzCzZLA5ISHGXAgNGa2jNbxqkILUetROiL_dI-h0vKzXpER1yhKME77ETJx1vqQBfuFtcTOuHWRBZpMHDWCAVbyL8fp-iKzlXVml1zLfVS2C9u8HSQRV1yhqsHN4juG2dsME8tDxHk/s750/cardinal-750x440.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="440" data-original-width="750" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3poEXhAgREr4eWq5Ssru3aZgXvcbXzMsz176PsQug3K7uMRwvz1BzCzZLA5ISHGXAgNGa2jNbxqkILUetROiL_dI-h0vKzXpER1yhKME77ETJx1vqQBfuFtcTOuHWRBZpMHDWCAVbyL8fp-iKzlXVml1zLfVS2C9u8HSQRV1yhqsHN4juG2dsME8tDxHk/w400-h235/cardinal-750x440.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">As you would imagine, not only do I spend a lot of
time in nature, I spend a lot of time reading about it, too. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">I have a decent-sized library that I’ve accumulated
over a whole lifetime of studying the outdoors, I subscribe to a few birding
journals, and I make sure to read every article in the newspaper that discusses
nature and the environment. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Over the past decade or so I’ve developed something
of a pet peeve when reading some of the articles in those periodicals and
papers. I cringe every time studies or opinions associated with them cite
climate change as the sole reason for any change in the behaviors, ranges, or
populations of wildlife. Many times, I will even stop reading such an article
just out of frustration over its single-mindedness.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">I love science, but not sloppy science. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">It has gotten to the point that many scientists
default to climate change as all their theories endgames. It’s especially
pronounced in younger biologists (by young, I mean in their 20s and 30s)
because global warming has been the rallying cry for all the world’s change at
every level of their education, from elementary school through their masters or
doctoral studies. It’s inescapable from both their studies and society -- it’s
in the news, it’s in the marketing, it’s in the messaging. I also can’t help
but think there’s some sort of peer pressure involved, too – if they don’t go
all in with this it, do they feel they’ll be deemed a heretic or not receive
the support, resources, or funding they need?</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">It’s frustrating to me because while weaker winters
may be one part of the reason for changes in how species act, it may not be a
reason at all or it could be a piece of a more elaborate puzzle that gives
short shrift to other things we should be more cognizant of from invasive
species forever transforming habitats, to man’s continued alteration of the
landscape, to the chemicals disrupting poisoning the water, to the insecticides
totally disrupting certain regional -- if not global -- food chains. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">To me, one of the bellwethers of this over-focus on
the weather is the northern cardinal. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Northern cardinals weren’t always northern in their
presence. They were once considered a bird of the south. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Ornithologists of the 1800s and early 1900s like
James DeKay and Elon Howard Eaton noted only a few cardinals in their studies
of the birds of New York, with some in the state’s coastal lowlands and the Hudson
Valley. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Over the course of the 1900s, the fortunes changed
for cardinals and they spread across the state like a sort of wildfire that
matches their brilliant hue. They are now common throughout New York, except
for the higher elevations of the Adirondacks and Catskills. They’ve even moved
into southern Ontario in good numbers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">If you give the subject of this bird’s northward
movements a cursory Google search you’ll see many recent articles attributing
this to climate change. Mind you, this is only a new belief with cardinals, a
thought that’s been kind of mainstreamed over the past 10 years. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Prior to that, ornithologists, birders, and amateur
naturalists like myself had a bevy of reasons that, together, are far more
reasonable assertions for the expansion of the bird’s range over the 20<sup>th</sup>
century. Those reasons are:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The passage of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act in
1918 allowed cardinals to flourish after being on the brink. Prior to that
important law, many hundreds of thousands of these birds were killed by hunters
every year so their brilliant red feathers could adorn women’s hats<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Over the course of that century, countless
family farms disappeared. That former open space has been replaced with
woodlands. Especially in the lower elevations of New York, many of these
burgeoning woodlots spend decades as brush, chock full of undergrowth of small
trees, shrubs, and grasses, all grown tightly together. That’s prime cardinal
habitat</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The beautification and manicuring of backyards
in suburban and rural locations alike -- with their hedges, bushes, and vines –
has created millions of small pockets of cardinal habitat where, being in the
presence of people, it has led to fewer encounters with predators </p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cardinals are beloved by all who see them, and
the male’s brilliant red color lends so much to the sometime dreary landscapes
of our winter. It’s no wonder that the bird feeding industry markets itself
around these beautiful birds, with an emphasis on feeders and feeds perfect for
the seed-cracking cardinals. 50 million Americans now feed birds. Quite
literally, the explosive growth in the popularity of birdfeeding was custom made
for cardinals and the presence of endless supplies of food sustains them
through the winter months</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">As you can see, all of those are far more
significant and likely than “it got warmer”. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">I’ll admit there are some cases where that actually
seems to be the only answer possible. For example, I can’t explain the northern
progression of Carolina wrens that now stay all year long, in good numbers,
other than the fact that winters aren’t so deeply cold, long, and buried under
snow as they once were. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">But, that’s not the norm. Most species have a
litany of reasons for what they do and why they do it. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Consider this a call to nature hobbyists, newspaper
reporters, science teachers, and scientists: Defaulting to climate change is
one of the cardinal sins of modern biology. The natural world is impacted by so
many more things than it. Be careful how you perceive the “why” and “how”
behind nature and reason about its nuances. Think beyond one causal event,
ponder the possibilities, and look past what’s popular. Science was never meant
to be easy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From the 05
February 2024 Wellsville Sun </i></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-6815160711346641222024-01-23T08:41:00.002-05:002024-01-23T08:41:27.361-05:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Vandermark State Forest, an inspiration for this columnist<p><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">One might say Allegany County has an embarrassment
of riches when it comes to public outdoor spaces.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have miles of rail trails, public fishing
rights along the Genesee River and numerous streams, lakes like Rushford Lake
and Alma Pond, and, the icing on the cake – more than 55,000 acres of public
land in the form of wildlife management areas and state forests.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
In the coming months and years of this column I will provide you the lowdown on
each of those state forests, from Allen Lake to Turnpike. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
The first of these explorations will discuss the one that holds a very dear
place in my heart – Vandermark State Forest.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">My origin story</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Everyone has an origin story. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
In the comics, Superman came to be after an infant was rocketed to Earth from a
dying planet and the Hulk came from a scientist being hit with a mighty dose of
gamma radiation. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
When it comes to this columnist, many readers might wonder why a guy from
Niagara County loves Allegany County so much. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
It all started at Vandermark State Forest.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
When I was growing up, the family farm and the factory that my dad and
grandfather started a year before my birth both needed attention and time, so
we didn’t go away on big trips. Our vacations were weekends in the state lands
near Alfred.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">We ended up there because my dad is an alumnus of
Alfred University. He loved the territory near the campus for what it offered
with turkey hunting, trout fishing, and camping. Vandermark, with its rustic
campsites, became our home away from home most often. With a truck camper or
tents, this is where we spent those mini-vacations. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">As I look back at my childhood and teen years,
those weekends at Vandermark were far more valuable and memorable to me than
any getaway to a destination like an ocean beach or Disney could have been. I
enjoyed the trips to Allegany County immensely -- the time spent with family
which became tradition, and the ability to explore seemingly endless tracts of
forest and streams. I grew up on farmland -- open space and small woodlots –
that created my love for nature. The massive forests of Allegany County exposed
me to a whole new world of plants and animals that I didn’t have back home,
magnifying my hunger to understand and connect to the natural world around us.
I am who I am, I see the natural world the way I do, because of Vandermark,
because of Allegany County. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
But, enough of this reflection, let’s get to what you’re actually reading this
column for!</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Where Vandermark is located</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Vandermark State Forest is located in the town of
Ward, just minutes from the village of Alfred. To get there from Alfred, take
State Road 244 west out of the village, then turn left at the blinking light at
244’s intersection with County Route10 (Vandermark Road)/McHenry Valley Road.
Not far from that turn you will encounter DEC signage mentioning the forest. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
Allegany County Route 10 passes through the forest and the roads that cut
through it are Duke, Brody Slide, and Baker. There are 2 other roads in the
woodlands that are designated as forest roads – the DEC will close the access
gates to vehicular traffic in inclement weather and bad road conditions. Those
roads, which you will see on the map, are Allen and Bird. There is another
forest road, Gas Well, that is totally closed to car and truck traffic but is
open in winter as part of Allegany County’s vast snowmobile trail system. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">You can park roadside at almost any location in the
state forest. There is a small gravel parking lot (without signage) roadside on
Route 10 and you can also park at any of the designated campsites shown on the
map. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The history
of the forest </b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Vandermark State Forest comprises 2,384 and is one
of the best local examples of the impact of the Civilian Conservation Corps. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">FDR’s program to employ young men and change the
environment found a perfect worksite here. Heading into the Great Depression, the
Vandermark forest did not exist -- it was vast open space, made so by forestry
and/or farming. Dozens of young men toiled on this land, putting in the roads
and planting many acres of pines and spruces to complement the deciduous trees
that would come naturally. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Those vast coniferous stands planted by the CCC are
nearly gone as we come up on 90 years since their planting. As part of the
state’s forestry management strategies, the DEC has had many of those trees
removed, both for revenue and to restore the forest to a more natural state
since those pines and spruces weren’t native to the area. Over the past decade,
a prime stand along Route 10 was removed, as was one on Baker Road very near
Route 10. The latter’s aftermath can be seen in this picture with my wife – it
looks like a logging photo you’d expect to see from the 1800s.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">While I fully understand the DEC’s reasoning behind
the removal of the conifers, it doesn’t make it easier on my heart or the
wildlife. It’s the forest I grew up with and now it looks so different. And, as
a young birder, I accumulated so many warblers and other birds on my life list
that nested here and didn’t elsewhere in WNY where pines and spruces are fewer.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Many of the CCC trees remain standing on Duke Road,
which as you will see in the accompanying photo make that road such an
attractive gateway to Vandermark. It’s a stunning sight. If any DEC forestry
people are reading this column I hope you will leave these trees standing. They
are a connection to American history that carries aesthetic and natural value
to this day. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Hiking and wildlife watching</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Despite all the acreage, there are limited hiking
trails in Vandermark. If you plan to go into the woods, you will have to
navigate them bushwhacking style – just memory, a compass, or a good sense of
direction. That is a great way to experience the natural world, because you see
it at its rawest and by traveling places that humans rarely tread you’ll see
more wildflowers, birds, and other creatures.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
If you need trails, hike the roads (just not Route 10, which is a busy road…at
least by country standards). Duke Road and any of the true forest roads are
absolutely awesome hiking trails. You can rack up the miles and see all sorts
of wildlife. Vehicles are rare sights on those roads, so you need not worry
about any motorists disturbing the tranquility.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Even with the loss of the pines and spruces, the
birdwatching at Vandermark is top-notch. It may be one of the best woods in
Allegany County for watching migrating and nesting warblers in the spring. The
woods are alive with these butterflies of the bird world. Also, wood thrushes
can be heard in good numbers throughout. This sound is vanishing across the
state, across the country, which many blame on the loss on wintering grounds in
Central and South America, but Vandermark remains a stronghold for them in the
spring and summer. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Exploring the streams </b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Vandermark Creek is the major waterway in the
forest. Besides it, various small feeder streams, some permanent, some
intermittent, flow through Vandermark State Forest. One of those can be found
next to the campsites on Duke Road and another is located right behind the
campsite at the start of the Allen Forest Road.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">I mention this because they are great places to
take kids. Think back to your youth – your parents could place you next to a
stream and you could spend hours searching for fossils, salamanders, fish, and
insects. The same can happen with your kids and grandkids in the rocky streams
of Vandermark. Never overlook the simple things in life. It’s relaxing for kids
and adults alike.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">A word of advice – never take a salamander home
with you. One of the streams here is home to the red salamander, an incredibly
rare amphibian in WNY. When I helped the state with the NY Herp Atlas Project
in the 1990s I found some here, as I did in the 1980s. Only one other location
in all of WNY shows in that atlas! Don’t harm that fragile population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Fishing Vandermark Creek</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">You might see anglers fishing Vandermark Creek,
albeit rarely, as it passes through the forest. This is miles away from where
brown trout have been stocked in this creek. This stretch is devoid of them but
the cold, clear water here is home to native brook trout. If you fish for them
here, put everyone back. This population is sustained by breeding, not by
stocking, and over the 2000s the numbers have declined dramatically because
beavers have altered the fishes’ movements to breeding sites while warming the
waters to uncomfortable levels when ponds are made. I would consider this
specific population of brook trout as being in trouble. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Camping at Vandermark </b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Looking at the map, various campsites can be found throughout
the state forest. All of them can be considered rustic – really basic with just
a campfire ring. Everything you bring in you should bring out. All of the sites
can accept a car, truck camper, tent or small pop-up trailer. Don’t plan on
taking an RV or camper trailer to any of them except the parking spot alongside
Route 10.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">I wouldn’t consider the water potable in any of the
streams due to the presence of beavers and nearby farmland, so bring your own.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">There are two camping sites on Duke Road, right
across from each other. These are where we camped when I was young. It’s a very
quiet location where you can be serenaded by barred owls and screech owls, and
the 3 acres of open space next to them afford great strargazing at night. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">If you are coming from out of the county for a
weekend and want access to retail and a place to grab a meal, Alfred, just
minutes away, has a Dollar General, hardware store, and a few eateries like the
Collegiate Restaurant and the Terra Cotta Coffee House. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Make your own memories at
Vandermark <br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">During my freshman year of college, my parents
bought our forest in Alma, permanently attaching us to the County. So, I
haven’t camped at Vandermark in 31 years. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">But, that doesn’t mean it has stopped me from being
there. Quite often we drive our kids out there to play in the streams and hike
the trails. When there, I see my young self in my children, I see my parents in
my current self. I am forever thankful for my parents taking me there. I hope
adventures in Vandermark are having the same impact on my kids that it had on
me. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
I encourage you to do the same. Get away from the computer screens. Get away
from the hustle and bustle of life. Spend some time exploring Vandermark State
Forest. It’s good for the soul. I know...it was and is for mine. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> <br /><br /><br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzQF85ovKywRRG9xH55A35IzNGCKK2cIwrB6aQOz4EbbHHuwHOw0WhsSRcTKp3AsLFgZNBMsn4inQv53ZUhxoqk4klqJM9MltFhiAKTMxZX1H4gITx0uXnRiJI2_wL7XiCHAxbnVnBEwW2ph2KJJ08dYAUUmbz4P-n29ETY6dr9DOG9DzGEq_5pMakx6vt/s1650/Vandermark4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1275" data-original-width="1650" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzQF85ovKywRRG9xH55A35IzNGCKK2cIwrB6aQOz4EbbHHuwHOw0WhsSRcTKp3AsLFgZNBMsn4inQv53ZUhxoqk4klqJM9MltFhiAKTMxZX1H4gITx0uXnRiJI2_wL7XiCHAxbnVnBEwW2ph2KJJ08dYAUUmbz4P-n29ETY6dr9DOG9DzGEq_5pMakx6vt/s320/Vandermark4.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWDAGnsMfQg6Oueqwi1tMp233FEEo7V9LHFiIYCsym67q3MN0MQ6JCK5sY9og_xoGQgYmmRlyVQ3IIca8yWD6oOarAoloE0KAxPawaW3smTd3CgK1bNpucCfgu5IzoFHIGUH1u0lFETMl9tUX_6j8BaL298yuN3xLbTjwKEMbOnCJTwoiA3iT3XcNX30oJ/s4096/Vandermark3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2731" data-original-width="4096" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWDAGnsMfQg6Oueqwi1tMp233FEEo7V9LHFiIYCsym67q3MN0MQ6JCK5sY9og_xoGQgYmmRlyVQ3IIca8yWD6oOarAoloE0KAxPawaW3smTd3CgK1bNpucCfgu5IzoFHIGUH1u0lFETMl9tUX_6j8BaL298yuN3xLbTjwKEMbOnCJTwoiA3iT3XcNX30oJ/s320/Vandermark3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZuflKVM5xD1X1xpw1D-5baaCCZpT2suHlnJArrlXWJRmkF3F2Xlwfhuu9c6HMfqA3hN5cdv-Tu0N2EAKEKvXDMcmW6znnqArhh2fP8QUGkgGSZ1S9I1W160PYvKbteJKi7yb_jHrlc4nFlU0ALrw6zONbcdT6xxXVH-ZjUA16YA2JdNM1tZQNh0CiT6U9/s4096/Vandermark2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2731" data-original-width="4096" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZuflKVM5xD1X1xpw1D-5baaCCZpT2suHlnJArrlXWJRmkF3F2Xlwfhuu9c6HMfqA3hN5cdv-Tu0N2EAKEKvXDMcmW6znnqArhh2fP8QUGkgGSZ1S9I1W160PYvKbteJKi7yb_jHrlc4nFlU0ALrw6zONbcdT6xxXVH-ZjUA16YA2JdNM1tZQNh0CiT6U9/s320/Vandermark2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnQCtJx00mLWw5Sz5crqCDca61e96QyDA2Npd7Pc0dFXYn6gk-mkz6RitA5aoCA70f21ZNb-NJV4JpJVvAyw1bX9r1-4YHMKQfFsQ8u8ni87bZSQwCAuGah0nTrt-WdQKQ1_8NASjHTAbjTeG9jXnTv28pgoA8sSy72AniTCaL1uu8YyDQ7FdyN4Wi9c1a/s4096/Vandermark1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4096" data-original-width="2731" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnQCtJx00mLWw5Sz5crqCDca61e96QyDA2Npd7Pc0dFXYn6gk-mkz6RitA5aoCA70f21ZNb-NJV4JpJVvAyw1bX9r1-4YHMKQfFsQ8u8ni87bZSQwCAuGah0nTrt-WdQKQ1_8NASjHTAbjTeG9jXnTv28pgoA8sSy72AniTCaL1uu8YyDQ7FdyN4Wi9c1a/s320/Vandermark1.jpg" width="213" /></a></div><br />
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From the 23
January 2024 Wellsville Sun<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-83792283820305833422024-01-12T12:25:00.002-05:002024-01-12T12:25:43.634-05:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Some thoughts on feeding the birds<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWgZjYghiUvcCRdhmaxoNPGCd3_IqeTu-Jy8H5BnYCtDXzTkup_m-zFnKF1RDDD6f2y4PsQymiMON5nI9TbsXtNFKVtfjiCMUlL4H2McqUSUR8EGXosn2y5_o8HHKAkeL1qN_2EItzEh-k6QQj-BSnocV9-SdfzgwnOH6Oj34u8vQYh1cXF9Rz_dwiyMAJ/s1024/feeder1-1024x589.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="589" data-original-width="1024" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWgZjYghiUvcCRdhmaxoNPGCd3_IqeTu-Jy8H5BnYCtDXzTkup_m-zFnKF1RDDD6f2y4PsQymiMON5nI9TbsXtNFKVtfjiCMUlL4H2McqUSUR8EGXosn2y5_o8HHKAkeL1qN_2EItzEh-k6QQj-BSnocV9-SdfzgwnOH6Oj34u8vQYh1cXF9Rz_dwiyMAJ/s320/feeder1-1024x589.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p>This birdfeeding season has left many bird lovers lonely and heartbroken.</p>
<p>Their feeders have been lightly used and, on many a day, totally unvisited.</p>
<p>That’s an outcome of the gentle el Nino winter we’ve had. Snowfall,
which would normally cover natural food sources, has been minimal and it
seems to thaw within a day or two of falling. That combined with
recurring temperatures in the 40s — which activate insects as food while
also keeping birds metabolisms at a more normal rate – has really
lessened birds’ needs to visit your feeders. </p>
<p>But, that’s about to change.</p>
<p>Coming up is a good stretch of days with highs in the 20s (and even
the teens) with some overnight lows in the single digits. That will make
the birds ravenous little creatures who need more calories than usual
to stay warm and stay alive.</p>
<p>Finally, you will be able to once again enjoy the backyard birdwatching that you expect out of our winters.</p>
<p>Here come the questions:</p>
<p>How do you do it?</p>
<p>How do I do it?</p>
<p>Like politics or sports, everyone has their own opinions when it
comes to this hobby. We each have our favorite foods and our favorite
feeders. There’s an entire industry built around that – Americans spend
$12 billion a year on feeding birds. Twelve billion! Whoa!</p>
<p>Do what you do for how it fits your yard and what you want from birdwatching.</p>
<p>Here are some reflections on my experiences and preferences about feeding the birds…</p>
<p><strong>Mixed seed</strong></p>
<p>Mixed seed is the most common type of birdfeed out there. You can
find various mixed seeds for sale almost anywhere, from grocery stores
to hardware stores.</p>
<p>I used to have a traditional feeder in my yard that was used to
deliver this stuff, but ten years ago I completely ditched the use of
mixed seeds. I am much richer for it – both in terms of my finances and
my bird watching experiences.</p>
<p>I had found that mixed seeds, especially out where I live in farm
country, had attracted too many undesirable birds that didn’t have the
ability or desire to crack larger seeds but were well-fitted to consume
small seeds. My yard would be besieged by house sparrows, starlings and
cowbirds. You don’t really want to feed those birds – the first two are
invasive species that have accounted for a decline in native birds
while the cowbird survives only by forcing its eggs and young upon other
birds, to the detriment of the adoptive parents’ population.</p>
<p>Because of those avian fiends visiting my yard by the dozens, I would
go through a whole feeder and a half of mixed seed every day. Over the
course of a winter, that could put you in the poor house.</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img alt="" class="wp-image-47215" height="245" src="https://wellsvillesun.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/feeder2-1-1024x627.jpg" width="400" /></figure>
<p><br /><strong>Sunflower seeds</strong></p>
<p>Now, I use that traditional feeder and a tube feeder with large
openings to administer sunflower seeds. This keeps the undesirables
away, and instead attracts birds I want to see: chickadees, woodpeckers,
nuthatches, cardinals, and finches of various sorts. The finches have
bills built for cracking seeds and eating their contents right at the
feeder, while the chickadees and nuthatches have to do a little work to
crack them open elsewhere, often using trunks and branches as levers and
braces.</p>
<p>There are two types of sunflower seeds on the market – striped and
black oil. I prefer black oil seeds because they are much easier for
birds to open. Striped seeds are tough and you will find that fewer
species and fewer numbers of birds have interest in them.</p>
<p>I also make it a point to buy sunflower with the shells intact. There
are sunflower hearts and chips available on the market, but they can
spoil easily in the feeder (even in just a day or two if they get rained
on) and that will make birds sick.</p>
<p>One drawback to sunflowers is the shell casings that will be left on
the ground below your feeders. You will have to rake and shovel them up
at least once a week to prevent rot and disease.</p>
<p><strong>Nyjer or thistle </strong></p>
<p>Nyjer seeds, also called thistle seeds by some suppliers, are small
and expensive…you might find them to cost $2 to $3 per pound depending
on where and when you shop (while sunflower seeds typically cost 50
cents to 75 cents per pound). But, despite the cost, a 10-pound bag of
nyjer will last a very long time. I can make that last most of the
winter, even if my yard is frequented by a dozen or so finches on a
daily basis.</p>
<p>Nyjer is one of my favorite seeds as the feeders attract some
interesting birds – they will bring in goldfinches and winter irruptives
from the Far North like very tame pine siskin and the occasional
redpoll.</p>
<p>There are two ways to offer these seeds. One is a tube feeder made of
metal or plastic mesh that the finches will hang from and pull seeds
from. I used to use mesh feeders but stopped some years because they can
be a pain to clean. It doesn’t take much for cracked nyjer seeds to
spoil, so any seeds or casings left in the lower basin of a tube feeder
will rot and make birds sick unless you clean it regularly (<em>at least</em> once a week).</p>
<p>A cleaner alternative to the tube feeder is the sock feeder. They
typically feature a dome under which a sock or two hangs. In that sock
you will put nyjer seed and the birds will do as they did with the mesh –
hang from it and pull the seeds through the little holes. The socks
can be cleaned easily and not that they need much of it — they harbor
very little disease — and most feeder kits come with multiple
replacement socks.</p>
<p>It takes quite a while for flocks of birds to consume nyjer, so never
fill the socks all the way up — even a third of the way might be
pushing it. You will have to watch how the birds pace themselves over
the first few weeks of their visits before you go wild filling the
socks.</p>
<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignleft size-large is-resized"><img alt="" class="wp-image-47216" height="682" src="https://wellsvillesun.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/feeder3-1024x682.jpg" style="height: auto; width: 405px;" width="1024" /></figure></div>
<p><strong>Suet</strong></p>
<p>Suet, a collection of animal fat and seeds in a brick form, is a
critical food source in the winter. The calories it provides are a
lifesaver for insect eaters like nuthatches and woodpeckers that might
have difficulty finding prey during the coldest days.</p>
<p>I have mine in a small hanging basket and keep two bricks going at once. </p>
<p><strong>Year round feeding</strong></p>
<p>Some birdwatchers might be interested to know that I keep my seed
feeding station going all year. It’s especially enjoyable in May and
June when the goldfinches are in full color and in full song. It can
make for a very colorful and musical lawn. I also enjoy watching a
nesting pair of nuthatches in my yard – mom and dad will come to the
feeder, each grab one seed, and fly it to their nest hundreds of feet
away…all day long.</p>
<p>Where I live in Niagara County I can get away with this. But, I would
never do it where I hang out in Allegany County…it’s bear country. You
don’t want to tempt bruins with feed in the warm months when they are
out of their winter slumber. As the saying goes, a fed bear is a dead
bear…don’t get them used to getting easy meals in the presence of
humans. </p>
<p>Also, it should be noted that you should never put out suet from
April to early August. It can get soft, which puts the greasy fat on
birds’ feathers which can be taken back to the nest. That grease will
cover an egg and suffocate the embryo. </p>
<p>Enjoy the bird feeding and bird watching coming your way!<br /><br /><i>From the 12 January 2023 Wellsville Sun </i><br /></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-51960204625067302542024-01-11T06:27:00.003-05:002024-01-11T06:27:24.814-05:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Keeping an annual list of birds<p> Most birdwatchers are, in some way, listers.</p>
<p>Most keep life lists, counting all the species of birds that they’ve ever seen.</p>
<p>Then you have birders who tabulate both species and numbers for
various special annual events like the Christmas Bird Count,
Feederwatch, and the Great Backyard Bird Count.</p>
<p>And, there are those who take on a competitive Big Year, trying to
accumulate as many birds as possible in a calendar year. The North
American record is held Tiffany Kersten who saw 748 species in 48
states.</p>
<p>Last year, I started something I call the Little Year. By doing so, I kept count of all the species I saw in New York State. </p>
<p>I wasn’t driven to accumulate as many species as possible, so I
didn’t go out of my way to gather gull species in the wintry Niagara
Gorge, nor did I spy upon wetlands at wildlife refuges in May to get
shorebird species, and I didn’t chase down rare species whose locations
were shared among birders online.<br /><br />My only goal was to check off the birds I saw in my regular travels, as they happen, not as I make them happen.</p><p>Places that I frequent near home include our farm in eastern Niagara
County, my workplace in the city of North Tonawanda, and the Erie
Canalway Trail, all joined by a handful of hikes at the Iroquois
Wildlife Refuge. Here in Allegany County, my home away from home, my
birdwatching take place in our forest in Alma, the WAG Trail, Vandermark
State Forest, and the Alfred University campus.</p>
<p>By keeping to the places I love, the places that see me often, in my
quest to make this list, it brings a special sort of appreciation,
wonder, and theorizing to the every day. It allowed me to see trends,
consider species new to a place, and ponder what happened to birds I
didn’t see.</p>
<p>For example, it was concerning that I didn’t see a northern harrier (marsh hawk) until October 30<sup>th</sup>, especially since I live among prime habitat of open hay and alfalfa fields.</p>
<p>I also went all of 2023 without a ruffed grouse sighting in Allegany
County, despite seeing two mothers with babies the year before and
forests around ours having lumber harvests which should, allegedly,
increase numbers. Where did they go? </p>
<p>The real head-scratcher to me was not seeing a single cuckoo, of
either species. I had thought that the gypsy moth infestations of a few
years ago would have allowed the caterpillar-eating birds to flourish
and have healthy populations. It didn’t work out that way. </p>
<p>On the positive side, I was able to see pairs of trumpeter swans and
sandhill cranes in the summer, both species of which had only in recent
years begun nesting at the Iroquois refuge. I also saw a pheasant near
my home, a sighting not had in four years (a stark change from the old
days when they were common). I also saw a least bittern, a bird I hadn’t
seen in maybe 30 years.</p>
<p>Like every year that I get to spend time in the outdoors it was a good year. Over the course of 2023 I accumulated 124 species.</p>
<p>Many experienced birders might scoff at that number – especially from
a nature columnist — as many hardcore bird chasers think 200+ is a
worthy goal. </p>
<p>But, my goal isn’t to get a number. It’s to get a better
understanding for the birds I share my communities with. Those 124
provided enjoyment. They provided insight. They showed me how many birds
are around me, birds adored and birds that maybe I took for granted.</p>
<p>I’m doing this list again in 2024 (and again, I’ll use this checklist from the New York State Ornithological Association: <a href="https://nybirds.org/Publications/NYSOA-FieldChecklist.pdf">https://nybirds.org/Publications/NYSOA-FieldChecklist.pdf</a>)</p>
<p>I encourage you to do the same, whether your birdwatching takes place
in your backyard, in the vast state forests here in Allegany County, or
the public trails of the Genesee valley. If you get 124 birds, 200, or
50, it’s something. Like it did for me, it will open your mind and heart
— you’ll maximize your understanding and love for our feathered
friends, no matter the final total.</p>
<p>Good luck.<br /><br /><br /><i>From the 07 January 2024 Wellsville Sun</i><br /></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-42666763073007489512023-12-29T09:27:00.001-05:002023-12-29T09:27:09.664-05:00What could happen in state government in 2024<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Being able to predict what New
York’s lawmakers will do during their legislative sessions and budget workshops
is increasingly difficult. So far, the 2020s and all its struggles (Covid,
social unrest, learning loss, inflation, supply chains, mass immigration, and
more) have really upended what the expectations for government are – by it and
the people. It has been somewhat of a mess. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2024 is going to be no different.
Here are some of the things we can expect in the year ahead:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Another stab at the housing crisis: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Heading into the 2023 session, Governor Kathy Hochul made
housing a major goal of hers, shooting for the stars with hopes for 800,000 new
units built over the next decade. Nothing happened after a rather aggressive
back-and-forth with the legislature that left a bitter taste with all involved
in the budget process and the two months of legislating that followed its
passage. But, unlike last year, there’s a big motivator for Hochul, the Senate,
and Assembly to get things done – and that’s finding someplace to house the
tens of thousands of asylum seekers being bussed and flown to New York. Some
things we should expect to see are tax breaks for constructing affordable
housing, and mandates, resources and funding for cities, towns and villages to
increase their housing supply. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Attempts to address the migrant crisis:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> In the two weeks before Christmas, 7,000 asylum seekers
arrived in New York City, taking the total, going back to the spring, to 158,000.
It’s going to be a raucous session as the urgency of the crisis forces
legislators to buckle down to find answers for employment, benefits,
healthcare, education, onboarding and more to address this sudden, significant
need and pressure. I used the word “raucous” because, right now, potential
solutions being offered are few while finger pointing is being exercised in
volume between both parties, the city and the state, and Albany and Washington
DC. There’s a lot of salesmanship going on and not much in the way of
statesmanship. That needs to change, quickly. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An updated bottle bill: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2023
marked 40 years since the passage of New York’s bottle bill, which put a 5-cent
return deposit on bottles and cans. While generally successful (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">in 2020, the
bottle bill helped to recycle 5.5 billion plastic, glass, and aluminum beverage
containers), a third of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">eligible</i>
containers in New York still end up in landfills. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There was a push by environmentalists to update it for its
anniversary, but, oddly, there was little legislative urgency to get it done.
This may be the year, especially on the heels of Attorney General Letitia James
leveling a lawsuit against PepsiCo for pollution from its bottles. Proposals
would double the deposit to 10 cents and place even more beverage containers
under the return umbrella (water bottles were the last addition…way back in
2009). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Extended Producer Responsibility Act:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Not only will the bottle bill’s proponents be emboldened by
James’ lawsuit, so will lawmakers who have tried to make EPR a reality in
recent legislative sessions. Under EPR, producers of plastic and
paper/cardboard packaging and the manufacturers who use it would be required --
depending on what variation of the proposed law is passed -- to cut back on its
usage in defined regular increments and/or contribute to a fund that would pay
for recycling and reuse. Also, a state office would be created to oversee what
producers are doing. Similar laws are in place elsewhere, like California,
Colorado, and Maine. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bereavement leave:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
In 2018, the Legislature voted overwhelmingly (61-1 in the Senate, 111-32 in
the Assembly) to add a bereavement leave benefit to the state’s paid leave
program. Governor Andrew Cuomo vetoed the bill that would have allowed up to 12
weeks of paid leave, at two-thirds salary, for someone who lost a family
member. Cuomo was against it because it would have been too burdensome on
employees (it would have increased the worker-funded insurance premiums) and
employers (12 weeks was considered an exorbitant amount of time). I wouldn’t be
surprised if they go back to the drawing board and pass a leave package in the
3 to 6 week range in 2024. One has to figure they’ve got to do something like
this to keep alive the trend of employment-related laws that have seen, in
recent years, higher minimum wages, paid leave, paid sick days, covid leave,
sexual harassment training, salary disclosures, lactation protections, and
mandatory retirement plans. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Many more items will be discussed in
Albany, everything from further solidifying the path to addressing the state’s
obligations under the Climate Act to ironing out a long-term agreement with the
Seneca Nation. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2024 is going to be a wild session,
for sure. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fasten your seat belt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 02 January 2024 Greater Niagara Newspapers, Batavia
Daily News, and Wellsville Sun </span></i></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-65738485284193740412023-12-29T09:25:00.003-05:002023-12-29T09:25:42.882-05:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Mountain ash – an important tree for wintering songbirds<p> <br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3rtmJ7Mf5I82ymaQn8TYG5L2Lv02AXT7nsCh4WELBVpD6EONgwufYfJLeT6Y7xJmEJ5ndQSb-izhoCjKN_bzg5j5e4f2_XR_W-1NH1RZUOfoRIpr5b1W3DmgLIJURvuVXo7zy6DXpuqPwQBTLTbjfghPGDnZBDxaWBspQS-Npc58SXMf_j8oFKfxHEUj8/s4272/ash1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2848" data-original-width="4272" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3rtmJ7Mf5I82ymaQn8TYG5L2Lv02AXT7nsCh4WELBVpD6EONgwufYfJLeT6Y7xJmEJ5ndQSb-izhoCjKN_bzg5j5e4f2_XR_W-1NH1RZUOfoRIpr5b1W3DmgLIJURvuVXo7zy6DXpuqPwQBTLTbjfghPGDnZBDxaWBspQS-Npc58SXMf_j8oFKfxHEUj8/s320/ash1.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
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<p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The mountain ash is a small tree,
reaching 25 feet in height on the most impressive specimens. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What it lacks in stature it makes up
for in terms of its beauty and its importance to local wildlife.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As its name implies, the mountain
ash (which is not an ash but rather kin of hawthorns and apples)<br />
frequents mountains. Abundant in cooler climes and stony, yet rich soils of
Ontario, Quebec, and Maine, we find that New York is at the southern edge of
its range. Nonetheless, it can be found in good numbers across the Adirondacks
and at some of the higher elevations of Allegany County.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
You are more likely to encounter the European species of it in backyards and in
the woodlots near them (the latter is where birds contribute to their planting
through their droppings). It is an extremely popular ornamental, as many people
plant them to accent the appearance of their yard. They are sold at a few
nurseries and are also available on the cheap every spring through the annual
sapling sales run by the state and various counties. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLOGYf30ERAwgK4qQ9EhllqV9BIldoe1FZaequ3ZbB9OBtiES5lmci41RdXghBOfwpMHHmN7hzV2aTwXvBX_gkvar2tJtITasGwruoU98YmTi0KUkAZE4qpiJ_bP3_CgkW_B1I39pp5ydK2gn-fkQcrvAMigPpOeDsNmyrXKuwXA6eawlOcvIF4CvEtSRy/s4096/ash2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2731" data-original-width="4096" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLOGYf30ERAwgK4qQ9EhllqV9BIldoe1FZaequ3ZbB9OBtiES5lmci41RdXghBOfwpMHHmN7hzV2aTwXvBX_gkvar2tJtITasGwruoU98YmTi0KUkAZE4qpiJ_bP3_CgkW_B1I39pp5ydK2gn-fkQcrvAMigPpOeDsNmyrXKuwXA6eawlOcvIF4CvEtSRy/s320/ash2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">They have proven to be popular
because of their small size and the showy fruits, found in large clusters, that
last from September until March – or when songbirds consume them. The fruits on
the American version are an intense red. The Eurasian version – also known as
the Rowan tree – has orange fruits. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Those fruits aren’t poisonous, but that doesn’t mean you should make it a point
to eat them. They aren’t especially flavorful. They are heavy in tannin, which
gives black tea its flavor. Thus, the pulpy berries tend to be too bitter for
consumption. Some folks counter that by making jellies and marmalades from the
fruits while some adventurous souls make wine out of them. </span><span class="css-1qaijid"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
most common use is as "dogberry" jam, which mixes these berries with
apples and ginger. It's a concoction found throughout the Canadian maritimes. </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
While most people won’t eat the berries, animals will – and they love them.
Grosbeaks, cardinals, waxwings, and other berry-eating birds will browse on
them during the winter. Deer will nibble at low-hanging berry clusters while
turkeys and grouse will eat any that have fallen. In hard winters, birds are
blessed to have access to this high-energy food. Mountain ashes have saved many
a robin or bluebird that has spent the coldest months in Western New York. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="css-1qaijid"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">It should be noted that especially
at the tail end of gentle winters (sort of like the one we’re having now) many
berries will remain since birds could easily find nutrition elsewhere. Those holdover
berries contain an extra kick: If they’ve gone through a bunch of freeze/thaw
cycles and linger in the warmth, they will ferment and birds that eat them will
get drunk! Drunken birds will fly erratically, miss perching branches, and slowly
fly into things. Every so often you’ll catch national news stories of flocks of
birds exhibiting this “strange” behavior. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
You should consider mountain ash as an addition to your backyard. I am a big
fan of growing trees and shrubs that are natural to the area and/or contribute
to the health of local wildlife. This lovely tree certainly fits the bill. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 29 December 2023 Wellsville Sun </span></i></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-81708870772378626362023-12-08T05:06:00.002-05:002023-12-08T05:06:49.021-05:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: What backyard astronomers can expect in 2024<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you live in Allegany County you’re
probably a backyard astronomer of sorts. You might find yourself outdoors on a
clear night marveling at the countless stars in the heavens. There’s something
innate, something primeval, about the love affair with the nighttime skies. The
universe is fascinating, awe-inspiring, and relaxing – after a day of hustle
and bustle and going in a hundred different directions, it’s comforting to look
skyward, see that vastness and realize that we and our human experiences are
but tiny, inconsequential blips in the whole scheme of things. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Far from the inescapable light
pollution of big cities and their suburbs that haunt WNY locales like the
Buffalo and Rochester metro areas, we’re blessed in Allegany County with
incredible dark skies that lend themselves to great viewing of the cosmos. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As a matter of fact, some people
even travel here to take in the nighttime sights. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">They plan for it, based on the
calendar of events for celestial activities. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You should plan accordingly, too.
Mark your calendars now, so you’re ready to get the most out of looking skyward.
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
To help you plan for skywatching in 2024, here’s a look at some of the nighttime
sights – and daytime sights -- on tap for the year. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lunar
eclipses </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">On the night of March 24<sup>th</sup>/25<sup>th</sup>
there will be a penumbral lunar eclipse. Such eclipses aren’t very dramatic.
They occur when the outer shadow of Earth falls upon the moon’s face. It
doesn’t create blacked out parts of the moon. Instead, it creates a more subtle
shading, so subtle that most people don’t notice the event at all.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Early in the morning of September 18<sup>th</sup>
there will be a partial lunar eclipse…as in very partial. Most of the event
will present itself as a penumbral lunar eclipse. Only a very small part of the
moon, 4% of it near the cap, will be made fully dark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Northern
Lights</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The aurora borealis or northern
lights are more abundant when the sun’s face is covered with sunspots and it is
emitting all sorts of flares and other solar energy. From the mid-2010s and
through the pandemic years, the sun wasn’t too eventful as it was at the bottom
of the 11-year sunspot cycle -- and that past cycle was a dud to begin with.
Solar Cycle 25 is well underway and it has been surprising astronomers with its
liveliness in 2022 and 2023. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The northern lights will become more common for our latitude in 2024 and again
in 2025 when the cycle peaks. We aren’t as lucky as northern Canada when it
comes to these amazing celestial sights – they see them in abundance and in
extraordinary detail -- but that doesn’t mean the sun won’t surprise us on
occasion. If I had to guess, Allegany County residents will get to see them
well on six occasions in 2024.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you want to know when you have a
chance, a great tool is the aurora oval (updated every few minutes) on the left
side toolbar of the website SpaceWeather.com. If the green or red hue takes
over or comes close to the US-Canada border on that map, it’s time to get
outside and look. You don’t ever want to miss the northern lights. They are incredible.
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
best meteor showers</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Persieds meteor shower never
ceases to amaze, throwing some really bright meteors out there. 2016 was an
outburst year, and I saw nearly 100 shooting stars over an hour and a half
period on the peak night. While 2024’s shower won’t reach such numbers, the
Perseids is always a good show. Even during lean years, you can see 30 to 60
per hour, some of them being impressive fireballs, the sight of which will be
seared in your memory forever. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In 2024, Perseids will peak on the
night of August 11<sup>th</sup> heading into the morning hours of the 12<sup>th</sup>
(and there is very fine viewing 2 days on either side of the peak). Your best
bet is after midnight. Look towards the constellation Perseus to see them in
their full beauty. Viewing will be excellent in 2024 as there will be hardly
any moonlight to obscure the fireworks as the first quarter moon sets around
midnight. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
December’s Geminids shower, which is a consistent and totally underrated meteor
shower (probably because your average person doesn’t like sitting outside in
cold weather), won’t be the best to watch in 2024 because of the full moon that
night. This event will peak overnight December 13<sup>th</sup> into December 14<sup>th</sup>.
Despite the moon, don’t overlook this event as skywatchers love this show for
its sometimes colorful meteors. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">New
moons</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you are serious about stargazing,
you will as I do mark on your calendar every date on which there is a new moon.
Basically “no moon,” the new moon ensures there is no moonlight robbing your
skywatching experience, meaning you have full visibility of the stars, the
Milky Way, meteors and more. You typically have perfect dark sky viewing for
four days on either side of the new moon. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">New moons will occur on: January 11,
February 9, March 10, April 8, May 8, June 6, July 5, August 4, September 2,
October 2, November 1, and December 1.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Solar
eclipse </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This is THE sky event of the year
and maybe THE sky event of your entire life.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">On Monday, April 8<sup>th</sup>
Western New York will be in the direct path of a total solar eclipse. It’s
believed that millions of people from all over the world will come to WNY to
experience it, which speaks to how awesome this will be. A total blackout! It
will put to shame the partial solar eclipse that we saw here in 2017. I can’t
wait to see it and experience the stillness as the natural world as birds and
mammals adjust to the unexpected loss of sunlight. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The northern half of Allegany County
will be in the path of totality while the southern half will be so close many
won’t notice the difference. Even so, I would strongly suggest that if you live
in the town of Independence or even Wellsville that you spend the afternoon in
Cuba or at Hanging Bog to experience the absolute darkest of the daytime sky. The
event will begin just after 2:00 PM and slowly progress with the full eclipse
happening around 3:20 PM. The event will slowly come to a close, reaching full
sun around 4:40 PM. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Words of advice for the solar
eclipse: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Get some special glasses for
watching the eclipse unfold – and do it now! Remember the shortage during
2017’s event?</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If your kids are scheduled to have
school that day, keep them home or get them at the half day. Don’t let them
miss it – it won’t be fun to watch it from a school bus (many schools in New
York have already booked a day off for it, so glance at your district’s
calendar)</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Book one of your vacation/personal
days now with your employer. Some employers (like mine) have scheduled a
special paid holiday for that day </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hit the breakers for your outdoor
lights at home or at your workplace that day – any one of them with photo eyes
will activate during the event. Don’t ruin that moment!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To see what the event might look
like and why location matters, check out </span><a href="https://eclipse2024.org/eclipse_cities/statemap.html"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://eclipse2024.org/eclipse_cities/statemap.html</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
and zoom in. Once you find the location of your home or potential viewing site,
left click which brings up a bubble that has a link within it that says “</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">open
Eclipse2024.org’s eclipse simulator for this location</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">”. At that link you will be able to
watch the simulator to see how the eclipse plays out every minute at that
location</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Many
municipalities, government agencies, chambers of commerce, and businesses will
be holding special events and parties that day. Keep an eye on their social
media and websites. Allegany County’s webpage for the eclipse is: </span><a href="https://wnywilds.com/2024-eclipse/"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">https://wnywilds.com/2024-eclipse/</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Enjoy skywatching in 2024! I hope
your nights (and your day on April 8<sup>th</sup>) are filled with meteors,
northern lights, and total awe. <br /><br /><br /><i>From the 08 December 2023 Wellsville Sun<br /></i></span></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-74539801986136298172023-12-07T09:42:00.000-05:002023-12-07T09:42:04.114-05:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: What to get a nature lover for Christmas<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Last year around this time, this
column had an installment looking at what you could get the nature lover in
your family for Christmas. It discussed some of my favorite field guides.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
I plan on making a Christmas article an annual occurrence, throwing some
alternative ideas out there for you because sometimes it seems so incredibly
tough to figure out what to give your loved ones, which adds some unneeded
stress to the holiday season which is really supposed to be anything but
stressful.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
For this year, I offer you these suggestions…</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
<b>Conservationist magazine</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Published six times a year,
Conservationist is a New York State-focused glossy magazine that is packed with
informative articles and great photography. The magazine is put out by the
Department of Environmental Conservation . </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Conservationist covers a broad
range of environmental and nature topics. A typical issue highlights a
destination (for nature watching, hiking, hunting or fishing) and a handful of
species of animals and plants while supporting an always-interesting mailbag.
Most issues also contain a few pages written for children that can be easily
pulled out and shared with them. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As an example of the breadth of
material, the October/November issue featured articles about revitalizing New
York's industrial past, creating new conservationists through turkey hunting,
how to pick the perfect hunting dog and biological monitoring in the Hudson and
Mohawk Rivers. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
You can order a gift subscription at the NYSDEC’s website (</span><a href="http://www.dec.ny.gov/news/conservationist-magazine"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">http://www.dec.ny.gov/news/conservationist-magazine</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">) for a holiday special of just $6 for one year. That’s a steal
for a magazine that is consistently excellent from cover to cover! </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>Planisphere</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Everybody loves looking at the
stars, especially when there is an astronomical event underway like a meteor
shower or a comet that is visible to the naked eye. But, for those unfamiliar
with the details of the nighttime sky (like the locations of constellations and
major stars), it can sometime be difficult to know where exactly to look.
Consider the Persieds meteor shower in August when local newscasts tell you to
watch the area near the constellation Perseus. Where is that exactly? With a
planisphere you can find it quite easily.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
A planisphere is a circular tool comprised of two discs that act as a map of
the nighttime sky. You place the planisphere over your head and adjust one of
the discs for the date and time (because the layout of the sky changes by the
hour and by the day). With it, you can then navigate your way through the
heavens like an expert.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
A quick search of Amazon or Google will find a variety of planispheres, most
with a price tag between $8 and $20. When shopping you have to be specific to
the latitude or the tool will be useless (not everyone on this Earth sees the
same sky). The latitude of Wellsville is 42 degrees north. Planispheres are
effective for plus or minus 5 degrees. So, if you get one that’s rated for
anywhere from 38 to 45 degrees you’ll be fine. You might see some that aren’t
specific to the degree and say “40 to 50 degrees,” which is fine for this area
because that’s a 45-degree planisphere.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Some might wonder why someone would
want a planisphere when apps are available for smartphones that do the same. I
say go old school for the fact that every time you turn on your phone the
brightness then requires your eyes to readjust to the darkness which can
sometimes take 15 to 20 minutes. That’s time lost best appreciating the
awesomeness of Allegany County’s dark skies.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To help read the planisphere, also
consider buying a small flashlight that has a red bulb. Red doesn’t impact your
night vision.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>Rain gauge</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A rain gauge? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Who would want a rain gauge? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You’d be surprised.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
When we get socked by big storms, a lot of nature watchers get curious about
how much rain we got, especially when totals can vary so much across Western
New York. Plus, many of those folks are also gardeners and they might be
curious as to how their garden or landscaping has fared. There’s also a sense
of pride to be taken on social media when someone says he got a half inch of
rain and you counter with “oh, yeah? My rain gauge says we got an inch and a
quarter!”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Rain gauges are cheap ($6 to $15) and can be found at any local hardware store
and their small size lends them to being excellent stocking stuffers.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 04 December 2023 Wellsville Sun</span></i></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-43925860529580469292023-10-31T12:32:00.004-04:002023-10-31T12:32:44.763-04:00The state should leave local elections alone<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">The 2023 election cycle has been something that
you’d expect during an odd-numbered year. Local elections have been in the
spotlight and you’ve had the ability to directly focus on the people and
policies that legitimately affect your day-to-day to life – who governs your
county and community and how they approach things like municipal budgets, property
taxes, roads and bridges, public safety, water and sewer infrastructure, parks
and public spaces, and energy projects.<span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">If the New York State Legislature has its way, it
won’t be this way much longer.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">During this year’s legislative session, both houses
passed, along party lines, their respective bills <strong><span style="font-weight: normal;">A4282-B
and S3505-B which would </span></strong>move most town, village and county
elections outside of New York City to even-numbered years. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">If that happens, local elections would be lost in
the cacophony of polarized state and national elections which seemingly become
more hateful, more well-funded, and more inescapable every cycle. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Amid all that grandstanding and advertising, the
issues that matter most, the issues we have the most direct control over, would
be lost in the shuffle. There’s no way electors will be properly educated on
matters in their villages, towns, and counties when Presidential or
Gubernatorial campaigns dominate the news, social media, and water cooler talk.
Will anyone even pay any attention to mayoral or town council debates after
they’ve been exhausted by the deluge of Presidential debates and the associated
wall-to-wall coverage? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Proponents
of the change believe voters will be more engaged. For example, in a September
interview with Spectrum News, Senator Sean Ryan said he voted for the measure
because significantly more people participate in even-year elections. He asked,
"In the even years, between 50 and 70,000 people vote in Amherst, but in
the odd years, only about 25 to 30,000 vote so we're going to have a lot more
people participate in elections and how can that be a bad thing?"</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">It
can be, because voters who would normally choose to not vote in local elections
will be there only for the glamour positions (like President) and will likely
and blindly vote for local officials solely along party lines. That’s in stark
contrast to the traditionally active local voters who know the issues and the
individuals and will often vote for people and policy over party, understanding
that local politics are an entirely different animal with much more nuance than
national elections. Do Ryan and sponsors Senator James Skoufis and
Assemblywoman Amy Paulin actually believe that the person who never cared about
local races suddenly will in even years, then somehow wade through the state
and national politics and vote in the most prudent way? </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">More
people should vote, always. But, good citizenship isn’t the act of just placing
a vote. It’s the act of placing a vote that’s informed and aligned with what
best serves you and your fellow citizens, and that becomes more pronounced in
local elections because of the magnitude of the quality-of-life issues
mentioned earlier. If you want local elections to matter, make them matter,
just as we do now by giving them their own day in the sun. They’ll be
completely devalued otherwise. </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span>And, while we’re speaking of “value”, supporters
of the bills also say the change will save taxpayers money. This bogus claim comes
from the same legislators who passed early voting just a few years ago as an unfunded
mandate placed upon county taxpayers. Plus, there will be city races and county
races that remain in odd years, such as Sheriff, Clerk, and District Attorney,
maintaining the need to go to the polls and the cost structure that currently
exists. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span>This bill now awaits the yea or nay of
Governor Hochul. If you want to maintain the sanctity of local elections, I encourage
you to contact her office and ask her to veto </span><strong><span style="font-weight: normal;">A4282-B
and S3505-B. The various forms of contact can be found on the Governor’s website
at governor.ny.gov </span></strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><strong><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><strong><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><strong><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">From
the 01 November 2023 Greater Niagara Newspapers, Batavia Daily News, and
Wellsville Sun </span></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-weight: normal; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i></strong><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></i></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-47613889139916234612023-10-27T11:07:00.000-04:002023-10-27T11:07:03.920-04:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Pine siskins – be ready for the invasion<p><img alt="" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" height="299" src="https://wellsvillesun.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/images-34-678x440.jpg" width="461" /><br /><br />In the winter of 2012-2013 pine siskins, little birds from the Far
North, invaded the United States by the hundreds of thousands. During
most winters they are just casual visitors to the States and could be
considered uncommon. But, something happened to the pine cone crop in
Canada during 2012, right at the same time that the siskin population
exploded. It was the perfect storm. The hungry birds were driven south
to fill their bellies.</p>
<p>For many bird watchers, it was a once-in-a-lifetime irruption (which
is really the more appropriate word for “invasion”). That winter at my
bird feeder I had them by the dozens. Reports from around the country
had them at many feeders by the hundreds.</p>
<p>Since then, I’ve had them grace my feeding station during only 3 other winters and I haven’t had them in my backyard in 3 years.</p>
<p>But, I’m getting ready for a really good winter. This fall is giving
me the feels of a good year, maybe even something close to 2012. </p>
<p>In irruptions of years past, my first encounters with siskins would
usually occur around Thanksgiving. But, here it is the late-October and
they are already here. Last week, I saw a flock of nearly two dozen of
them.</p><p>I’m not alone. They are being reported in excellent numbers across the northern tier states.</p>
<p>Even Tyler Hoar’s winter finch forecast – famed in birding circles –
notes that their might be a strong flight of siskins southward in the
2023-2024 season due to a poor white spruce crop in Canada’s boreal
forests. You can see Tyler’s full report about various species of
interest at: <a href="https://finchnetwork.org/winter-finch-forecast-2023-20240">https://finchnetwork.org/winter-finch-forecast-2023-20240</a></p>
<p>If you are wondering if you might have siskins in your yard, look
skyward to the tree tops for flocks of a half-dozen to 30 tiny birds.
Their manner of flight quickly identifies them. Whenever travelling in
flocks, they quickly bunch up when taking off, then just as quickly
separate into undulating single entities.</p>
<p>Siskins are finches that sort of look like sparrows. They are much
smaller than your typical sparrow (like the English sparrow) and are
closer in size to the diminutive chipping sparrows you have in your yard
in the summer. To most, they would seem almost non-descript, with a
dark wing and a brown and white streaked body. What gives them away is
the small patches of yellow on their wings and at the base of their
tails.</p>
<p>Siskins have a unique call, quite unlike other members of the finch
family. Roger Tory Peterson’s A Field Guide to the Birds describes it as
“a buzzy shreeee” – it’s an upwardly-inflected high-pitched sound that
often competitively devolves into a coarse version of the same.</p>
<p>To bring siskins to your yard and keep them there this winter you
need to feed them seeds. Black oil sunflower seeds won’t do it. Their
small, pointy breaks cannot crack such larges seeds. Instead, they need
little ones like nyjer seed (often called thistle although it is not a
thistle). Those seeds are best offered through a standard tube feeder or
better yet a special thistle feeder that is a tubular mesh wall through
which the siskins pull the nyjer seeds.</p>
<p>The birds are very social. Bring one to your feeder and he’ll bring
his friends, who will bring theirs. In an irruption such as the one
underway, as winter approaches you could have at least a dozen at your
feeder every day most all day.</p>
<p>You won’t regret it once you do. Siskins are ridiculously tame. When
they frequented my yard in past winters I would routinely walk right up
to the feeder to visit them and the birds would continue to eat with my
face just inches from theirs. You can quickly train them, too, to eat
out of your hand. They will even be accustomed to your habits of when
you feed them — they will wait for feed time and scold you if you are
off schedule.</p>
<p>This all makes the pine siskin a great “gateway bird” for kids.
Introduce them to the wonders of these birds – let them see them up
close and personal and feed them out of their hands – and you can get a
child more interested in nature and less interested in video games and
TV. A love of the outdoors starts somewhere, and siskins actually make
for a good starting point. Who knows – these friendly cherubs might even
rekindle your love affair with nature.<br /><br /><br /><i>From the 27 October 2023 Wellsville Sun</i><br /></p><p> </p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-50586767926665109892023-10-25T06:51:00.003-04:002023-10-25T06:51:16.882-04:00A look at New York’s ballot proposals<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span>To many, this November’s
ballots lack the interest and political drama of next year’s, when voters will
choose the President of the United States and contentious down-ballot races
will loom large across the country.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span>But, that doesn’t
mean this year’s elections are meaningless. Every election matters, especially
when it comes to local offices…and bonus items. This November, New Yorkers have
the chance to decide on two amendments to the state Constitution. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span>As I do in this
column whenever proposals come to the fore, I offer a quick review of each. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span>Proposal one asks
the following: </span><i><span>The
proposed amendment to Article 8, section 4 of the Constitution removes the
special constitutional debt limitation now placed on small city school
districts, so they will be treated the same as all other school districts.
Shall the proposed amendment be approved?</span></i><span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">For
purposes of this constitutional amendment, a small city school district is one
that includes at least part of a city that has a population of fewer than 125,000
people. To put that into perspective, among those within the readership of this
column, small cities are Batavia, Lockport, Niagara Falls, and North Tonawanda.
There are 57 such districts across the state.<span>
</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">In
its current form, the state Constitution limits how much debt a small city
school district can have. It can’t be more than 5% of the value of taxable real
estate in the district (although there are exceptions for certain expenses).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Other
school districts, such as rural ones most common to this readership, are not
subject to a constitutional debt restriction. Instead, theirs is provided by
state law. Currently, it can’t be greater than 10% of the value of taxable real
property within the confines of the district. If this amendment passes, small
city school districts would be eligible to have the same debt limit as those
other districts, whether it’s that 10% or the next value enacted by legislative
action.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Proponents
of the “yes” vote, such as various school officials and New York State United
Teachers, cite greater flexibility when it comes to investing in infrastructure
and facilities. Most school campuses are aged, going back to the school
construction boom of the 1950s and 1960s, and some are even older than that. To
update such facilities – especially when it comes to HVAC, modernization, connectedness,
and electrification – takes a considerable amount of money that can exceed the
current debt limit. </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Those
who suggest voting “no”, which seems to be only individuals and no distinct
organizations, indicate that New York’s spending per pupil is already the
highest in the nation and small city school districts already have the ability
to exceed the constitutional debt limit if they rely on the consent of the
governed – every debt-incurring investment they propose can happen if 60% of
voters approve it.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">The
second proposal on the ballot asks: <i>The
proposed amendment to Article 8, section 5 of the Constitution extends for ten
years the authority of counties, cities, towns, and villages to remove from
their constitutional debt limits debt for the construction of sewage
facilities. Shall the proposed amendment be approved?</i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><i> </i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">The
state Constitution limits the debt counties, cities, towns and villages can
incur, capping it at 7% to 10% of the value of real property within their
jurisdiction. That limit, under the existing exemption, does not include debt
for sewage treatment and disposal construction projects. Every 10 years since
1963, voters have been asked to extend that exemption. The active exemption is
set to expire on January 1<sup>st</sup>. </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Those
who would like to see this amendment passed – of which there are many from
municipal leaders to the organizations they belong to – note that the costs of
upgrading or replacing sewage treatment plants and systems are incredibly high.
Were those investments put into the standard debt basket some municipalities
would choose to push out those expenditures to a later date, or spend less on them,
which can put public and environmental health at risk in the event of a sewer
failure. </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">A
deep search of the internet and social media finds nary a voice opposed to this
10-year extension, likely because it has been the way of doing things for the
past 60 years. Once something becomes tradition and has been passed a
half-dozen times already, by a wide margin, it would be hard to fight or find
fault in it. It works. </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Make
your voice heard about these ballot items – and your local offices -- this
November (or October, if you choose early voting). Just be sure to turn the
ballot over to find the constitutional amendments!<span> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><i>From the 25 October 2023 Greater
Niagara Newspapers, Batavia Daily News, Wellsville Sun</i></span></p>
Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-45115875230214660682023-06-26T05:45:00.003-04:002023-06-26T05:45:22.884-04:00EXPLORING THE WESTERN NY WILDS: Holy spit, there’s a bug in there?!<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHqqZvf21kGYcuwHJ19I8wfrCzljJZIztneIFU7VxnkPxr1i9FFSKgJ6GFjcd_ad7I8v5e2mjpEptyxfwqbxQNyhnC4wU-p3hn-MfjEblCWJD_nreVuoXrR-eiDjzOhXCzn-wT6RhEKh7pM8zm76-u_sb-6tejwLCTFONyFIhwcQdS2qtnBYOZNC_reRZj/s1600/spittle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHqqZvf21kGYcuwHJ19I8wfrCzljJZIztneIFU7VxnkPxr1i9FFSKgJ6GFjcd_ad7I8v5e2mjpEptyxfwqbxQNyhnC4wU-p3hn-MfjEblCWJD_nreVuoXrR-eiDjzOhXCzn-wT6RhEKh7pM8zm76-u_sb-6tejwLCTFONyFIhwcQdS2qtnBYOZNC_reRZj/w400-h266/spittle.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This time of year when you are out
frolicking through pastures and forests with your kids, you’ll often find
yourself with wet hands or legs on even the driest days of the summer. A cursory
look back at the weeds you walked through will find bubbly froth on their
stems.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Most people assume it’s sap.</span></p>
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It’s not.</span></p>
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Not to gross you out, but it’s bug secretions.</span></p>
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If you pushed aside those bubbles, you would find a rather non-descript little
insect, a spittlebug nymph, thinking it’s cozy and safe. Spittlebugs secrete
the substance to create a shelter that keeps them free of predation (and from
drying out from the sun and the heat) while they suck the juices from plant
stems and leaves.</span></p>
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Although it’s aptly called a spittlebug on appearance alone – after all, the
froth looks like spit – the spittlebug isn’t producing spit. The primary juice
really comes from the bug’s anus. The runny solution then flows all over the
bug’s body (spittlebugs eat upside down) and mixes with other liquids that come
out of pits on the bug’s abdomen. Those substances mix with air, creating the
long-lasting bubbles.</span></p>
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Spittlebugs can prove to be a real pest to alfalfa and clover, common crops and
deer attractants, respectively, across Western New York. Sometimes, spittlebugs
can infest a whole field and make for bruised stems and unhealthy plants, more
so with first-year alfalfa crops. The young bugs can also create other problems
when their spittle wets down plants and jams older farm machinery (which shows
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Spittlebugs are also a foe to gardeners as they consume a wide variety of
ornamental plants. In a wild setting, I’ve found that they have an affinity for
goldenrod and smartweed.</span></p>
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They are tough to control because one would have to physically collect through
sweeping (which is usually the method suggested by agricultural agencies),
rather than poison, the insects when they are crazy, bouncing adults in the
late-summer. Adult spittlebugs are commonly called froghoppers. The 1/8” to ½”
critters get that name because they hop from plant to plant like miniature
frogs (unlike their young, they do not create the frothy cover nor do they
damage crops).</span></p>
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Adding to their difficulty to control, they have been granted other special
powers by Mother Nature: Their eggs are cold-resistant and remain entirely
healthy all winter long.</span></p>
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Spittlebugs are really bothersome…and gross. When next you go walking outdoors
please don’t ruin your hike and think about what that wet stuff is on your
hands and legs. Don’t let a little bit of bug butt juice ruin your day.</span></p>
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Just be sure to wash yourself off when you are done hiking.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 27 June 2023 Wellsville Sun</span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-35441211636303440312023-06-26T05:44:00.001-04:002023-06-26T05:44:03.209-04:00Be on the lookout for a killer of oak trees<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It seems like Western New York’s
forests are under constant attack, in wars that they can’t win.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
In the early 1900s, chestnut trees were all but exterminated from our woodlands
by chestnut blight. Dutch elm disease wiped out our impressive stands of elms
from the 1950s through the 1980s. Today, millions of ash trees are being
decimated by the emerald ash borer. And, mature beech trees will be totally
eliminated from our forests in the coming years thanks to beech bark disease.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As our forests reel from those
diseases and pests, and are forever changed, more pestilence is piled upon
them. The newest of those threats being posed to New York’s woodlands is oak wilt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is a serious tree disease that
kills thousands of oaks each year in the midwest. It is caused by a fungus --
Ceratocystis fagacearum -- which grows in the water-conducting xylem of host
trees, causing the vessels to produce gummy plugs that prevent water transport.
As water movement within the tree is slowed, the tree starves to death. The
leaves wilt and drop off, and eventually the tree dies.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Until only recently, oak wilt was almost unheard of in New York. There was a
small outbreak in Glenville in Schenectady County in 2008 that was contained
and then found to have recurred in 2013, which was also contained. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Six times since, though, the wilt
reared its ugly head in the Empire State. Realize, those are the known
occurrences. Others might slip under the radar. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">That’s concerning when you consider
that the fungus is known to be dangerously close to us. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In 2016, a homeowner in Canandaigua
noticed that an oak tree on their property began dying with no identifiable
cause. Samples from the tree were sent to the Cornell Plant Disease Diagnostic
Clinic, where they tested positive for the fungus that causes the disease. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In 2019, a number of infected trees
were discovered not far from there in the towns of Bristol and South Bristol.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">And, then, there was recent news
that hits awfully close to home: It was announced a couple weeks ago that oak
wilt was found in three trees in Niagara Falls, Ontario this past May. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The latest incident should serve as
a wake-up call to Niagara County residents. Beetles can easily fly the spores
across the river to the majestic oaks that dot the shoreline of the Niagara
River and Lake Ontario. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Property owners and outdoors
enthusiasts are the first line of defense and need to stay aware of any issues
impacting oaks in their yards or in the wilds. Symptoms of the disease include
browning of leaves starting at the outer edge and progressing inward toward the
mid-vein of the leaf; branch dieback that may be visible starting at the top of
the canopy and progressing downward; leaves suddenly wilting (hence the name);
leaf loss during spring and summer; and fungal spore mats raising and splitting
the bark.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The Department of Environmental Conservation asks that the public report any
occurrences where an oak tree dies over a short period of time, especially if
it occurs in the summer. You can use the toll-free Forest Health Information
Line toll-free at 1.866.640.0652 or send an email with photos and site
specifics to foresthealth@dec.ny.gov</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The DEC has declared all-out war on this
scourge and it’s not an easy one. There is no known treatment to contain and
kill the oak wilt fungus other than to remove infected trees, as well as any
surrounding host oak trees. The DEC takes down trees in question, deploys root
disruption, and initiates an emergency order establishing a protective zone
prohibiting the movement of oak material out of the immediate area to prevent
the fungus from spreading. The DEC also conducts regular aerial and ground
surveys to identify additional trees that may be infected.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It seems like a lot of concern and work, but it’s absolutely necessary to save
the forests from the spread of oak wilt. All oaks are susceptible to it, but
red oaks die much faster than white oaks. Red oaks can take anywhere from a few
weeks to six months to die and they spread the disease quickly. White oaks can
take years to die.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It is very important that we regularly inspect trees for the disease and engage
the state if we see something amiss. Not only would oak wilt eliminate some of
the most brilliant trees from our fall landscapes, but if oak trees are gone
from our forests it will remove an important food that provides sustenance for
a variety of animals from deer to bear to turkeys to squirrels. Years ago,
these creatures lost chestnuts. Now, they’re losing beechnuts. If they were to
lose acorns, too, there would be a serious, wide-ranging environmental crisis. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So, if you see something, say
something. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 27 June 2023 Greater Niagara Newspapers, Batavia
Daily News, and Wellsville Sun </span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-90602045359482354802023-06-16T08:58:00.002-04:002023-06-16T08:58:56.363-04:00“Good bye” and “thank you” to the Lockport Hospital<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">During the first weekend of May in
1999 I had severe abdominal pain and chalked it up to food poisoning and
gluttony from eating a whole pizza. I fought through it best I could – I moved
into my home and played some softball that weekend, saying I wouldn’t let pain
and bad food ruin my weekend. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Over the course of those two days it
got much worse and, without my knowing, my appendix exploded. Only after the
poisons made their way through my body did I go to the ER. By then, it had
caused potentially-fatal peritonitis. I needed emergency surgery and spent a
week in hospital followed by weeks of recovery. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Now, every morning when I look in
the mirror and see the large scar that travels vertically across my stomach I
count my blessings. I was likely hours away from kicking the bucket but I was
fortunate that Lockport Memorial Hospital and its people were there to work
their magic. The wonderful doctors, nurses, and aides made sure my stay was
helpful, hopeful, and comfortable. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I’m forever indebted to those good
people and the Hospital for saving my life. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I am also thankful to them for
saving my son Warren’s life. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">He was born there, five weeks ahead
of schedule. But, premies being premies, and boy ones being especially
troublesome, it wasn’t an easy birth. He struggled to breathe, badly. What was
supposed to be one of the happiest days of my life was stressful beyond belief
as I watched the medical team urgently work on Warren as his chest heaved to
get air. Despite the high level of stress for me and those attending to him, they
skillfully and lovingly kept him going until an ambulance whisked him away to
Buffalo’s Women’s and Children’s Hospital. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Warren is six years old now, in
perfect health, and an incredibly bright and cheery boy. I think the kid is
going to go on to do big things, a domino effect made possible by those
incredible people at Lockport.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Events like these will be no more in
the Lock City. It’s incredibly sad that the enterprise which created memories and
provided first and second chances at life for literally hundreds of thousands
of patients has become but a memory itself with the Saturday closing of Eastern
Niagara Hospital after 115 years of serving the Niagara Frontier. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">But, as much as I dislike that what
it once was is being replaced by triage and general healthcare rather than the
wide range of critical services that we all knew, I know it’s a necessary move
that reflects the reality of the world we live in. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you’ve read this column for any
length of time you know I fret quite often about the ongoing decline of Upstate
New York’s economy, population, and demographics. Not only is it something that
keeps me up at night running a factory, it also dominates my thoughts while serving
boy scouts and college students. At all of those organizations, just like the
hospital, we’ve instituted major changes to meet the changing demographics and we
often ponder long-term options if the decline of the region continues or happens
at a rate even greater than what it has.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">That’s the same mess that ENH has
faced. Fewer area residents equal fewer patients which equals fewer revenues.
On top of that, there’s the “use it or lose it” syndrome: In the lead-up to the
closing of the maternity ward a few years ago, 65% of area women from a
population of potential child bearers that was 24% lower than it was 20 years
earlier chose facilities other than Lockport to deliver. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So, I get it. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">But, that doesn’t make the loss of
the hospital any easier. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It hurts. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">And, I doubt any of this talk of
socioeconomics is comforting to those who need or have used ENH’s services or
those who worked their tails off – and shed a lot of tears, happy and sad<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-- to provide them. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I will forever remember and cherish
that building and the wonderful people who roamed the halls – true angels on
Earth. The hospital’s teams helped me and my family navigate times that were
happy and scary. Eastern Niagara Hospital, Lockport Memorial, whatever you want
to call it, saved my life. It saved Warren’s life. It likely saved the life of someone
close to you. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I say “good bye” to a community
institution that served generations and “thank you” to the men and women who
changed lives and saved lives.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We’ll always love you as much as you
loved us. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From the 20
June 2023 Greater Niagara Newspapers, Batavia Daily News, and Wellsville Sun</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-81071310104619580962023-06-16T08:56:00.003-04:002023-06-16T08:56:56.506-04:00New York should market its nighttime skies<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Astro-tourism has become one of the
fastest-growing trends in tourism. What once was travel only enjoyed by
hardcore astronomers has become mainstream in recent years as more people from
all walks of life are venturing to places with dark skies (that is, away from
the city lights) to see the northern lights or observe celestial bodies and
meteor showers in skies nearly as pristine as those that our ancestors slept
under. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It’s something that New York should
capitalize on, but really isn’t. All told, the state and individual counties
and chambers of commerce spend millions of dollars every year on advertising all
of the natural wonders in our state (like Niagara Falls, the Adirondacks, and
the Thousand Islands). Very little, if anything, is spent on promoting our dark
skies, despite having some very special sites in the Empire State.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In the Southern Tier, a good chunk
of territory that runs along the Pennsylvania border and includes towns like
Alma, Whitesville and Jasper falls under nearly dark sky jurisdiction and
stargazers are greeted by nighttime skies featuring countless stars and thick
imagery of the Milky Way. The skies are so dark that at a 2014 meeting of Alma
residents that focused on the future of the community, a long discussion was
had about opening up beds and breakfasts in that Allegany County town for the
sole purpose of catering to people who would sleep during the day to be
outdoors at night.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Approximately two-thirds of the
Adirondack Park, a massive area, falls into that same category of night sky,
too. There is a specific area within it, though, where the skies are even
darker, the darkest in the entire northeast – even darker than Pennsylvania’s
famed Cherry Springs State Park. About a half hour to the east of the
ever-popular community of Old Forge is a dark sky area centered around Raquette
Lake. There, skywatchers are treated to the heavens exactly as they were before
Thomas Edison’s light bulb took hold and drowned out the stars. In that place,
10,000 stars can be seen with the naked eye. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To see exactly what I mean about
dark sky ratings, refer to the dark sky/light pollution map at<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>https://www.lightpollutionmap.info<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> There, you can zoom in and out of the map of
the United States to find the best places to see the stars. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
nearness of the Southern Tier and the Adirondacks to the population centers of
the northeast is appealing to this newest demographic of outdoor
adventurer….both locations are just one tank of gas away from 56 million
people. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">They could
all use that primordial exposure to the sky above. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We all
could, for light pollution has robbed too many of us of the best nighttime
sights. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It’s been
said that 99% of Europeans and Americans have light-obscured views of the
nighttime sky. Even here it’s a major issue: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In
a 2010 column for the Greater Niagara Newspapers I lamented the loss of dark
skies in the immediate area. Thanks to the city lights of Buffalo, Niagara
Falls, Lockport and the Greater Toronto Area, Niagara’s skies are anything but
dark, even in our rural communities. To put that lack of true darkness in perspective,
in the central Adirondacks you can see 7 to 10 times the stars that you can see
on a good night in rural Niagara County. Yes, 7 to 10 times!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Our nighttime misery, as bad as it
is, is nothing compared to that of New York City, where its residents never see
stars unless the electrical grid goes out as it did in August of 2013. That
outage was probably a wake-up call to many metropolitan denizens. That’s
because the first time that you have unfettered access to the heavens is
unforgettable, you feel like a new person -- spiritually and intellectually.
You’ll want more of that experience, guaranteed. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It’s time that the good people at
state and regional tourism offices took advantage of that desire to be
mystified by the stars. We could bring thousands of tourists, and thousands of
tourism dollars, to some of the Empire State’s prime locations. Just look at the
well-promoted Cherry Spring State Park south of Coudersport, Pennsylvania for
such a success story: In 2020, for example, that park hosted more than 46,000
visitors from June through August and on some nights there were 1,000 people in
the park’s designated dark sky viewing field. Those numbers are
awe-inspiring…as is what they are there to see. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Similar nighttime Meccas could be
created and promoted in New York, whether in Allegany County or Hamilton
County. There’s so much potential for our communities…in this case, the sky is
quite literally, the limit. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">From
the 30 August 2022 Greater Niagara Newspapers, Batavia Daily News, and
Wellsville Sun</span></i><p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-81896015226696653452023-06-16T08:55:00.002-04:002023-06-16T08:55:57.518-04:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: What are oak apples?<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjvvjIdTaIBLPZyXJD-UL0ORD4ha7Yzl1-KDWHk5ZuuDQPhVyNy4o-S8A7IRRPDSbWzQn8oPOWHThuVwziTRcjJTY9Ggkf6_avf5XZkYKIqxqxNfDgwqm4KRhpULElClbZyhQq7OFd-EOCzJwA4ZWlalHMA1qERdzOghXx39zzw_zfiqF4zSjbjP6Agg/s6000/oakapple2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6000" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjvvjIdTaIBLPZyXJD-UL0ORD4ha7Yzl1-KDWHk5ZuuDQPhVyNy4o-S8A7IRRPDSbWzQn8oPOWHThuVwziTRcjJTY9Ggkf6_avf5XZkYKIqxqxNfDgwqm4KRhpULElClbZyhQq7OFd-EOCzJwA4ZWlalHMA1qERdzOghXx39zzw_zfiqF4zSjbjP6Agg/s320/oakapple2.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTDbE1g9fivinAMGQv5WftWgNfR6Uhy5TOX7Vuio0DxZocg-SUsW0rdQ0rHVn079hq7eb91FXJPZrLY2--yclOveKlFvUL3ShEm120g0kux4F0Hd97AlTh6qpdFI_6Sipxl2CcRaheBe7mniCyRprH0uFrcW9AqbDZ7xpt7rb32C65G3ibkQWZbbR50w/s4096/oakapple1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2731" data-original-width="4096" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTDbE1g9fivinAMGQv5WftWgNfR6Uhy5TOX7Vuio0DxZocg-SUsW0rdQ0rHVn079hq7eb91FXJPZrLY2--yclOveKlFvUL3ShEm120g0kux4F0Hd97AlTh6qpdFI_6Sipxl2CcRaheBe7mniCyRprH0uFrcW9AqbDZ7xpt7rb32C65G3ibkQWZbbR50w/s320/oakapple1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjau1R3HIYQVLXdl1Kn66a3oxwYXIfPMHKRtOKbw-XSVewsRoemILgWqbr_Z8JxFh3c8jj6TSdn03VyQcv79YOIFEjcW4C49fwwZCp1Q1knDcVvAHD7xvR8DaI4O5KcZ38WTYLBFwG3VtuktOwzZo1EuTReTY2gNQHa7U97EPFvCiBBuDNLNUfroHgdeQ/s6000/oak1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6000" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjau1R3HIYQVLXdl1Kn66a3oxwYXIfPMHKRtOKbw-XSVewsRoemILgWqbr_Z8JxFh3c8jj6TSdn03VyQcv79YOIFEjcW4C49fwwZCp1Q1knDcVvAHD7xvR8DaI4O5KcZ38WTYLBFwG3VtuktOwzZo1EuTReTY2gNQHa7U97EPFvCiBBuDNLNUfroHgdeQ/s320/oak1.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-para-margin-left:0in;
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">When hiking through Allegany County’s forests in
the late-summer and fall you will occasionally encounter at the base of oak
trees a fragile, hollow, brown ball. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">These strange sights always merit attention and
questions about their origins. Many people assume that they are undeveloped
acorns or some sort of strange fruit. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">They are neither. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">These orbs are called oak galls and are more
commonly known as oak apples. These were leaves that, for lack of a better
word, mutated and became homes for developing wasps. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">The insect that lived inside the oak apple you’ll
find now has as interesting and long life cycle that was spread across
generations and years as well as various places on that oak tree. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">In the summer of two years past, that wasp’s grandmother
emerged from her own oak apple and then mated. The fertile female dropped to
the earth, buried herself in the ground and then laid her eggs on the roots of
that oak tree which the babies occasionally ate (when not dormant during the
cold months) all through last year and into this spring. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">That hatchling grew into adulthood and then crawled
out of the ground to become the mother of “your” oak apple wasp. This past spring,
she laid he eggs on a budding oak leaf, which grew around the larval stage of
the wasp, providing both home and shelter for the wasp until it reached
adulthood, bored a hole in the gall, escaped, and went about to do its business
to repeat the cycle. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">That explains how the insect got there, but what
explains the strange ball?</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Well, it’s a pretty interesting act of nature.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">The mother of your wasp injected her egg into a bud
or very young leaf. Those eggs are covered with and/or ooze a chemical that
actually causes the plant’s genes to turn off or on and behave differently.
That chemical is an imperfect or corrupted copycat of oak hormones which
induces the special growth – the gall, the apple -- to begin. When the larva
hatches from the egg it continues to emit that substance which further inspires
the development of its home. Rather than the oak creating a standard, perfect
leaf, the “directions” provided by that chemical encourage the oak to make a
mutant growth, a leafy ball, around the baby wasp, using the leaf in whole or
growing as a tumor-like growth off the leaf. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">In the center of that ball sits the developing
wasp, which is surrounded by a network of fibers radiating from the center and
connecting to the walls of the gall. Those fibers provide food to the growing
wasp throughout its development. If you crack open an old leaf gall you will
see what looks almost like a downy seed that you might see from a dandelion or
thistle – that aged structure used to be that nourishment-delivery system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">This time of year, after the wasps have evacuated
their bulbous home, the gall and/or its leaf die and they fall to the ground.
You also might occasionally find green oak apples early in the summer when the live
growth falls from the tree due to wind and other incidents. The larva in one of
those brightly-colored treasures is certain to never see adulthood – that gall
is no longer attached to the tree and neither it or its occupant can glean the
benefits of photosynthesis and other plant processes. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">So, there you have it. That golf-ball sized oddity
you found in the woods has an interesting story to tell. It was once
something’s home, a home that was built through biological ingenuity. It’s
truly amazing how Mother Nature’s creations react with and adapt to each
other.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From the 26
August 2022 Wellsville Sun<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-82571823366267707112023-06-16T08:54:00.001-04:002023-06-16T08:54:10.389-04:00Let former felons serve on juries <p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Over the past
couple of years, reforms of the policing, judicial, and penal systems have been
in the spotlight as activists try to make what they believe to be a more
compassionate and equitable legal system. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">One reform that
keeps slipping under the radar of this movement is the elimination of the
lifetime ban from jury duty for those who were convicted of a felony. In 2019,
such a bill passed the State Senate but struggled to make its way out of
committee in the Assembly. In the proposed law, ex-felons would be eligible to
help pass judgment on cases after having completed sentencing related to their
conviction, such as the initial imprisonment and any probation or community
supervision that follows. Similar bills have appeared in subsequent legislative
sessions with limited fanfare and action.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When the bill passed
in 2019, it was along party lines and the Republican members of the Senate took
to the press to voice their displeasure over what the Democrats had done. Of
course, their like-partied constituents complained on social media outlets,
considering it a disgusting move by Albany as it puts those whom they consider
to be lowlifes in power to decide the fate of parties who are accused of a crime
or battling it out in the courts. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I, on the other
hand, would have no problem with a once-convicted juror. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I’ve been under
the gun in civil trials. I likely will be again; it comes with the territory of
running a business that serves a variety of industries and makes water-based
leisure products. So, I know the value of good jurors. Four years ago, I was
party in a trial that lasted two weeks. At the end of it, the jurors made their
decision and ruled that my company was not at fault. Had they gone the other
way it’s likely the company would have folded. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It took the jury
nearly two full days to deliberate because there were a few other defendants –
individuals and corporations -- involved in the trial as well, and they had to
take their time meting out responsibility if there was any at all. I
appreciated the time and effort they put into it. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Their
thoughtfulness was an outcome of the make-up of the jury as they were a diverse
bunch – from lower-income workers to white collar types to retirees to
housewives. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When people are
deciding your fate, that’s what you want. You are best served by people from
all walks of life, jurors with their own experiences, worldviews, and
observation and interpretation skills. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">By “all walks of
life” that means everyone…warts and all. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I would gladly
accept a former felon on a jury because he has seen and been through things
that the others might otherwise be unable to relate to and, more so than most
on the jury, he understands the legal procedures and what the jury is actually
supposed to do.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I know that he
wouldn’t be any less of a person than those sitting beside him. Yes, he
committed a heinous crime, or what society believes to be a heinous crime, but
he faced his punishment, served his time, and suffered the woes of
incarceration and the joys of reformation. If we did our job as a people and
penal system, he came out a better man and stronger man. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Those against
affording ex-convicts rights such as jury duty or voting would say that the
unconscionably-high recidivism rates show that many of them aren’t better
people. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Is it that they
aren’t better people or that we aren’t better people? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Do we drive some
young men to recommit because we deny them basic rights after having paid their
dues, brand them with a modern day Scarlet Letter, and turn them away when they
look for gainful employment and community engagement that affirms a new life
for them? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If we claim to be
a just people – a mantle we always proclaim with our legal system, churches,
schools, and families, as well as social media’s <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">cause du jour</i> – then why are we not just to those who have been
served our justice at its fullest? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">They have paid
their debts to society. It’s up to us to welcome them back into it, rather than
driving them away from it. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To do so, we need
to offer them the same chances that law-abiding citizens have. Not only do they
deserve and want to pursue a career, but they also deserve and want to be
contributing members of society to, among other things, have the power to vote,
and to contribute to our judicial system. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As a nation,
we’ve done our darnedest – and spent our darnedest -- to institute and employ a
system to transform them into good citizens. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So, let them be
able to be just that. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If we don’t, what
good was all of our talk, tax dollars, efforts, and alleged moral superiority? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 25 August 2022 Greater Niagara
Newspapers, Batavia Daily News, and Wellsville Sun</span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-5181912935068586182023-06-16T08:52:00.004-04:002023-06-16T08:52:54.679-04:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Queen Anne’s Lace<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfx-gA9JqZpHRk5ikihJhbdVkkdFuGuvD8pK0l2GA3UeESpurOrjw_T-xmrRVjR2J5E2RGL-nW3ixacoN0R9PmuChhrcTeT0acWHZkAfZ9EZhUx9N-25EkVPp4VqbRSwuRD3eEUqsJQ6k7ELdJx-T8I5hAK0yc6hxxXZN2DPfHDsuPf-orILXMo1UCtQ/s6000/QAL1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6000" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfx-gA9JqZpHRk5ikihJhbdVkkdFuGuvD8pK0l2GA3UeESpurOrjw_T-xmrRVjR2J5E2RGL-nW3ixacoN0R9PmuChhrcTeT0acWHZkAfZ9EZhUx9N-25EkVPp4VqbRSwuRD3eEUqsJQ6k7ELdJx-T8I5hAK0yc6hxxXZN2DPfHDsuPf-orILXMo1UCtQ/w400-h266/QAL1.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Wildflowers of the late-summer and
fall get a bad rap. Too often, people classify them as weeds which is a really
unfortunate title for these plants, many of which are extremely beautiful and
should be a welcome addition to any lawn or hedge. Among them is Queen Anne’s
Lace, which is in full bloom now. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>Identifying Queen Anne’s Lace</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Everyone has seen Queen Anne’s Lace. It is a ubiquitous white wildflower, up to
3 feet tall, that is found in dry soils throughout the area. You will see
impressive stands of them on roadsides, along trails, in pastures, or in
hedgerows.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
If you look closely, you will see that what you thought was a large white,
circular flower is really an umbel, or a collection of dozens of small flowers
coming from a single stem. Collectively, they make for a lace-like appearance,
hence the name. I’ve always thought this plant was best compared to a doily.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Some of them, but not all, will have a lone purple flower near the center of
the umbel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
No one knows why that loner exists – some botanists blame a genetic flaw, while
others say that it makes insects assume that there is a bug on the umbel, which
in turn attracts predatory wasps to the plant, which in turn become incidental
pollinators.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The myth behind that random, dark flower is that Queen Anne, when she was sewing
the lace of this plant, pricked herself with her needle and it’s a drop of her
blood that darkened that flower (by the way, no one knows for sure if it was named
after Queen Anne of Great Britain or Queen Anne of Denmark).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The stem of the plant has many fine hairs. That stem is very solid and strong
as anyone who has ever attempted to pick Queen Anne’s Lace can attest. It takes
a really good pull to snap the stem, and you are apt to uproot the whole plant
in the process.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
As the summer progresses and the flowers have done their deed, they wilt and
curl up, becoming brown and cup-like; hence another common name: bird’s nest.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> <br />
<b>Wild carrot </b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The Queen Anne’s Lace is a non-native species. It was brought here from Europe
because early settlers needed a foodstock and the prolific wildflower provided
it. Queen Anne’s Lace was a precursor to the cultivated carrot. It produces a
root that smells and tastes just like the carrots you know and love. Unlike
farmed carrots, the roots are very small (1 to 3 inches) and it takes quite a
few to make a meal. The roots need to be picked when young. As they age, they
become starchy, even woody, and do not taste good at all. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Health hazards</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I strongly suggest against eating
any wild carrots unless you are extremely familiar with the plant and its
look-alikes. Queen Anne’s Lace can be easily confused with its cousin, the
poison hemlock, the same plant that infamously killed the Greek philosopher
Socrates. Death by consumption of poison hemlock is painful and labored – it
causes muscular paralysis which ultimately prevents respiration from occurring,
so the poisoned individual slowly, not quickly, suffocates. As few as a half dozen
hemlock leaves will lead to death.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
You also need to be careful when picking Queen Anne’s Lace if you are looking
to make a centerpiece of the flowers. That’s because the plant juices can cause
phytophotodermatitis. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you’ve seen every summer the scary
news reports on TV or online about giant hogweed then you are familiar with
what that is. A plant’s juices get on a person’s hands, which leads to
hypersensitivity to ultraviolet light for approximately 24 hours; the skin,
being unable to protect itself from the sun, blisters. So, if you’re going to
pick these flowers, wear gloves. And, encourage your kids to not touch the
plants. The rash and blistering from Queen Anne’s Lace is nowhere near as
pronounced as it can be with hogweed; this wildflower can be benign for most
and will affect mostly people with already sensitive skin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 19 August 2022 Wellsville Sun</span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-87612609705772461932023-06-12T08:22:00.004-04:002023-06-12T08:22:44.481-04:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Butter and eggs<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKC-cYZztwHHwc1iqCiDanJL9MtG-HrGPBENnDvDi-9EFGwy5oSzox20w9-Yz993XAo1TvdlJl_5fF1Un_ZnHsi8-W-fWPZ8TOgoTKSomGGMKtiLjf_Pgg03dYMbn4_Z7XsL0ZYaLtyusbVJjf5EQTu6UyzVfy2sDhcI57LG_zip6ua7q8CeMELFY0mA/s1600/butterandeggs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKC-cYZztwHHwc1iqCiDanJL9MtG-HrGPBENnDvDi-9EFGwy5oSzox20w9-Yz993XAo1TvdlJl_5fF1Un_ZnHsi8-W-fWPZ8TOgoTKSomGGMKtiLjf_Pgg03dYMbn4_Z7XsL0ZYaLtyusbVJjf5EQTu6UyzVfy2sDhcI57LG_zip6ua7q8CeMELFY0mA/s320/butterandeggs.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Late-season flowers are derisively
considered “weeds” by many people, which downplays their beauty. One such plant
that shouldn’t be overlooked is butter and eggs. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
This non-native species also goes by the name yellow toadflax and wild
snapdragon and makes itself known in August and will be in bloom till the end
of September. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The plant has a unique, tell-tale flower structure. It’s not a typical,
circular ray as you would see on many fall wildflowers like asters, evening
primrose, or hawkweeds. Instead, it possesses the unique look that gardened
snapdragons have. There are 4 yellow petals (butter) that surround an orange
center petal (eggs). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
That orange center acts as a beacon to pollinators, the most common user of the
plant being bumble bees and any species of moth that has a huskier body. You
won’t see butterflies actively feasting on the flowers because the insects that
do so have to be strong enough to lift open that heavy central petal.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
You will find the plant in pastures, but more commonly along dry disturbed
sites, like roadsides, ditches, bike trails, and hedgerows. It’s a hardy plant
and a colonizer, spreading not only with rhizomes but also seeds that can last
for years.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Butter and eggs make a nice addition to your kitchen table.
But, unlike their namesake, not as foodstuff. The attractive flowers make
wonderful centerpieces and lasting ones…they will stay healthy for days in a
vase, rather than quickly wilting away as so many flowers do.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This plant has proven medicinal purposes as a diuretic and a
fever reducer. Historically, it was even used to treat rashes and other skin
ailments. It’s not so kind to cattle as they can get intoxicated from feasting
on the leaves.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Small children get a kick of out of the flowers, because if
they squeeze the base, the orange center will open like a mouth, making the
flower “talk.”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Appreciate these flowers while you can. They will be done
blooming next month, the brown of fall will come as will the snow and you’ll be
wishing that there were still “weeds” around to brighten the landscape.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 12 August 2022 Wellsville
Sun</span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-33325881182775496722023-06-12T08:21:00.002-04:002023-06-12T08:21:11.153-04:00Venison, an inflation-busting protein <p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Inflation has not been kind to
families. What the heads of households purchase to feed and provide creature
comforts to their kin costs 9.1% more than it did last year at this time.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">That 9.1% is the overall inflation
rate, but higher increases can be found with specific food items. Beef is up
12%. Pork is up 14%. Chicken is up 43%. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">That make can for hard decisions at
the grocery store and dinner table. Where do you find the money, what do you
cut, to be able to enjoy meats? Do you downsize portions or do you go without? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Something that could go a long way
in addressing this issue and tackling food insecurity is what some might see as
on antiquated way of acquiring nourishment: hunting. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">For hunters, I’m preaching to the
choir, but to others it’s a new message. While Western New York is a hunting
hotbed, providing dinner tables with wild game might not be normal practice for
everyone. If you weren’t raised in a hunting family you might never have been
exposed to wild harvests, and the very thought of quietly spending hours in a
field or forest then dispatching an animal and cleaning it might not seem
attractive to you. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">But, that doesn’t mean you should throw
in the towel. There are quite a few people in these parts who rely on others to
do the hunting for them. It’s no different than buying eggs or milk from a farm
local stand – you want the nutritious outcomes, but you would rather someone
else be the chicken farmer or dairyman. Having others hunt gives you the
easiest and cleanest route to enjoying local meats on the cheap. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This is the time of year when I
suggest you reach out to a friend or family member who enjoys a good hunt and
ask them to harvest for you. New York’s hunting licenses and deer management permits
(“doe tags”) for the 2022 season went on sale last week. State law prevents
hunters from selling their harvests to consumers, but they can freely give it
away and many of them would gladly do so. Taking one or two deer can easily
fill a freezer yet, after doing so, the hunter might find himself or herself
with more tags (many deer management units will see multiple doe tags issued to
hunters) and a strong desire to go back into the woods. If you ask your friend
to fill their tag and give the meat to you, both parties get what they want. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It’s an affordable proposition. If
you covered your friend’s doe permit ($10) and the cost to process the deer
($75 to $120 depending on the processor), let’s just say that’s $100 spent on
what could be 50 pounds of meat from a fully-processed deer. At $2 a pound that
comes in far below the cost of beef. For example, ground beef costs an average
of $4.89/pound nationally. That’s huge savings. More can be seen when you
compare finer cuts like tenderloin and steak against what you’d be paying at
the grocery store. Your $2/pound venison steak fares nicely against a $7/pound
beef steak. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Know, too, that the benefits of deer
extend beyond the financial factor -- it’s healthy and delicious, as well. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Because of deer having a more
natural grass- and nut-fed diet, their meat is leaner and it features an
abundance of Omega-3 fatty acids, the same healthy and essential fats you get from
wild fish. When comparing the ratios of Omega-6 (essential, but unhealthy in
higher volume) to Omega-3 in deer to that of grain-fed cattle, you’re looking
at numbers of 2:1 for deer versus beef cattle’s which ranges from 5:1 to 13:1.
Venison also tends to be far higher in niacin and iron than beef, and it is a
good source of B12, B6 and riboflavin. This all means venison is far and away a
healthy alternative when considered as the “other red meat”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Those who have never or only
previously dabbled in venison (a steak here, an occasional burger there) might
believe that the meat needs some special attention to be edible. It doesn’t and
I would make the case that the meat is tastier and more versatile than
deeply-fattened cuts of beef. I’m a big fan of it -- my work lunches almost
always consist of venison mixed with vegetables. And, for dinner, the
occasional tenderloin, backstrap, or steak cooked on the grill is quite
satisfying. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So, as inflation continues to wear
down your food budget, consider becoming a hunter or reaching out to someone
who is this month. They are preparing now for a deer harvest that will soon be
upon us. There’s no better way to put some healthy, tasty, and affordable
protein in your freezer and your belly, without breaking the bank. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 12 August 2022 Greater Niagara Newspapers, Batavia
Daily News, Wellsville Sun</span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-53412620924828542022023-06-12T08:19:00.001-04:002023-06-12T08:19:25.381-04:00Yes, we are in a recession<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">By its simplest definition a recession is a decline
in economic activity. It has traditionally been declared when the value of
goods and services produced in a country declines for two consecutive quarters.
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">We met that criteria when news came last week that the
second quarter’s gross domestic product (GDP) saw a 0.9% decline, following a
1.6% drop that occurred during the first three months of the year. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Despite that, the Biden Administration and the
Federal Reserve have been saying that we’re not in a recession nor are we
heading into one, citing statistics like strong hiring (11.3 million job
openings) and unemployment at a near-record low (3.6%).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">That has led to much debate on talk shows and around
water coolers. Are we in a recession? </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">To get your answer, look no further than canaries
in the coal mine – the people who make and move things. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Factory workers and truck drivers are at the ground
floor of the economy. They see and feel variations in overall economic activity
well before economists in government and academia because their business
activity, running machines or hitting the roads, is solely defined by the
buying behavior of the original equipment manufacturers, distributors, and
consumers they serve. When demand is down, you know it… the production schedule
is leaner and bookings for tractor trailers are fewer. It’s not until months
after the fact that economists, consumers, government, and the stock market
take notice. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">I know that quite well from past experience. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">In February of 2008, I told my team at Confer
Plastics that something was really wrong with the economy and we had to prepare
to throttle back by late-summer. Our banker scoffed at the notion and said it
had to be something we were doing wrong because the stock market was humming,
housing was hot, and the bank’s business was booming. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">We all know what happened next. The market tanked
in the fall of 2008, the housing bubble burst, and unemployment skyrocketed
over the next year-and-a-half. History showed that the Great Recession really
began months earlier, in December 2007, about the time that I started getting
the feels.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Fast forward to 2022. We’ve been seeing plenty of economy-wide
negatives that are escaping the radar of economists. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">As a proprietary and custom molder (we make our own
line of leisure items while also producing parts and products that other
companies market) Confer Plastics serves a wide range of income levels and
industries. Our clients had a great January and first half of February, then
things changed dramatically – they saw their demand fall through March, hitting
a brick wall by April, where it has stayed since. Their business activity went
from great to either “good” or “okay” or “poor” in a matter of just a few
months. We’ve heard that our clients who are manufacturers made cuts at their
production facilities and pared down their projections while distributors and
retailers we sell to have too much stock, from multiple suppliers, in
inventory. That all means consumers, pinched by inflation, are cutting back and
influencing the rest of the food chain. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">That goes hand in hand with another observation, a
simple one that tells a big story. As a custom molder, we get a fair number of
inquiries from businesses and inventors looking for someone to make their
products. It could be any industry, any idea. From late-2015 through January of
this year, we had received between 4 and 10 legitimate inquiries every month.
Since February 1<sup>st</sup>, we’ve received just six. Not six per month. Six
total. That means entrepreneurs have cut back on creation or expansion, in
unison and in a hurry.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">It’s everywhere. Those who sell us raw plastic
material (which can appear in innumerable packages and products in your
day-to-day life) have told us that demand is down considerably and negative
sentiment is the recurring theme from manufacturers across the country. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">If you don’t believe producers that we’re in a
recession, check in with the people who move freight. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Signaling less demand for moving goods, trucking
spot rates fell 22% during the first six months of this year (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">note: this price drop may seem
counterintuitive given how high diesel costs got over that period, but the
higher fuel costs are accounted for separately with fuel surcharges</i>). </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">The most salient comments about what’s happening
were provided in April when the Bank of America’s trucking expert said shippers’
outlook on rates, capacity and inventory levels matched attitudes not seen
since May and June of 2020, when lockdowns sent freight volumes into a historic
decline. In the months since, second quarter results provided by
publically-traded shipping companies have shown a continued decline in demand. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">The people who are saying we aren’t in a recession
– President Joe Biden, Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen, and Federal
Reserve Chair Jerome Powell -- were wrong about inflation. Remember when it was
supposed to be minor and “transitory”? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">The people who were right about it are right now in
regard to a recession. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Listen to the men and women who make and move
things.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">And plan accordingly. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From the 02
August 2022 Greater Niagara Newspapers, Batavia Daily News, and Wellsville Sun</i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-78243271735850623492023-06-12T08:17:00.003-04:002023-06-12T08:17:54.359-04:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Jewelweed – Mother nature’s Preparation H<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjZYrdfroVTFmBVuCw_-Y2lgJSzubsTxvBn_9NCJO0KZOup6cCoqH8BF4pdwZeNoZmMGcj-b03Ccn9-YAIUTRK5M53xPZu6hKlmB10Fi-8qUkGPsISPj47qE-khaB-nBtYj89STKxbSt_oAA3csVXe5e1Qii7DNDMecJIXNFih6FyXbDeH0JsKUCf4yw/s1282/jewelweed2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="855" data-original-width="1282" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjZYrdfroVTFmBVuCw_-Y2lgJSzubsTxvBn_9NCJO0KZOup6cCoqH8BF4pdwZeNoZmMGcj-b03Ccn9-YAIUTRK5M53xPZu6hKlmB10Fi-8qUkGPsISPj47qE-khaB-nBtYj89STKxbSt_oAA3csVXe5e1Qii7DNDMecJIXNFih6FyXbDeH0JsKUCf4yw/s320/jewelweed2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh85bl0Nb7rqXdFdKbPSGbtP6yEj6UmikeU8Luo1x9XYWy69iIwAPzQv0JxXW6VFz3qno6BC0LABENRBVz5Qd0TWMrXR1VTz4IdwrTEoBZuFKnYSspyamenymehv8Iqo1k2rLllFGJzJjZ57o43duTHwdsBmVBUSgNF1baIZcjBrJmQNuSrHxLsex06mw/s1282/jewelweed1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="855" data-original-width="1282" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh85bl0Nb7rqXdFdKbPSGbtP6yEj6UmikeU8Luo1x9XYWy69iIwAPzQv0JxXW6VFz3qno6BC0LABENRBVz5Qd0TWMrXR1VTz4IdwrTEoBZuFKnYSspyamenymehv8Iqo1k2rLllFGJzJjZ57o43duTHwdsBmVBUSgNF1baIZcjBrJmQNuSrHxLsex06mw/s320/jewelweed1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you go for a hike in cool, shaded
woods or around ponds and streams this time of year, you are likely to
encounter the lovely jewelweed.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It sports an unmistakable orange flower that is shaped like a bugle or
cornucopia. A closer examination will show reddish-brown speckles all over it.</span></p>
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If you squeeze the flower at the height of its ripeness, its seeds will explode
out of it. The small green seeds can fly up to five feet, courtesy of the
built-in coils or springs. When that happens, you can even hear a loud “snap”
come from the flower. That explosive nature is why the jewelweed goes by
another name of touch-me-not. Despite that moniker, it’s not dangerous and the trick
is something neat to show young kids.</span></p>
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The plant gets the name of jewelweed because of its somewhat waterproof leaves.
They have on them minute hairs that trap air and cause water to bead up –
looking like jewels. </span></p>
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You might also consider the plant to be a jewel because of its magical powers. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is widely known to be a cure for
poison ivy. One can take its succulent, translucent stems and crush them, using
the watery juices to wash their hands and legs after being exposed to poison
ivy. Somehow, those juices will neutralize the ivy’s poison (known as
urushiol). This has to be done relatively immediately, within a few hours of
being exposed to the plants.</span></p>
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Urushiol can hold for a long time (even months!) on tents, tarps, toys, and
your pets’ fur, so you can use crushed touch-me-not to wash those items to make
sure they are good for handling once again by your family. It’s a better
alternative than washing all those things with Lava soap or Fels-Naptha.<br />
<br />
Its powers don’t end there. Jewelweed contains 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, an
anti-inflammatory agent and fungicide. It’s the same substance that is an
active ingredient in Preparation H. In the 1800s some souls used it to fight
hemorrhoids, making an ointment by boiling the plant with pig lard. Yes, pig
lard. In that case, you are probably better off buying Preparation H.</span></p>
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But, you can use jewelweed on a few more body parts than you can that famous
cream.<br />
<br />
Jewelweed juices can be used to calm itching that occurs from mosquito bites
and stinging nettle. It has also been used to treat razor burn, acne, and heat
rash.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Touch-me-not is also one of the best natural remedies for Athlete’s Foot, as it
as once calms the troublesome itch and kills the fungus that causes it. It has
that same effect in the fight against dandruff.<br />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></p>
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The jewelweed really is a jewel. With some plants, their curative powers are
more anecdotal and mythical than they are realistic and effective. Not the case
with this one, which has scientifically-proven powers.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the 27 July 2022 Wellsville Sun</span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-84150543759922962542023-06-12T08:16:00.001-04:002023-06-12T08:16:15.066-04:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: The carnivorous pitcher plant <p></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-para-margin-left:0in;
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mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
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mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
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mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
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Venus flytrap, the famed carnivorous plant of the southeast that snaps shut on
insects that might end up within its mouth-like leaves.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Many folks don’t know that its equally-carnivorous but much less dramatic
cousin, the pitcher plant, can be found in Western New York.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It just so happens that summer is a great time to find this rare plant. Its
large, brick-red nodding flower will be in full bloom, alerting you to the
pitcher below. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Those bladder-like leaves that give
the plant its name are a vessel which collects water, and ultimately, insects
on which it feeds.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It’s an evolutionary tool made out of necessity; pitcher plants grow in bogs,
mossy acidic wetlands like Moss Lake (near Rushford Lake). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
In a bog, decay happens at incredibly slow rates. As an example, some happy
archeologists have found human bodies that were essentially mummified in
European bogs, well-preserved hundreds of years after their death. Because of
that slow rot, there is very little nitrogen available for flowering plants,
hence bogs being home to mostly mosses. Flowering plants that do remain need to
find nitrogen by alternative methods.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
This is where the pitcher plant’s strange-looking anatomy comes into play.
Whereas the Venus flytrap appears to be a quick eater, the pitcher plant takes
its sweet time through an elaborate process.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The leathery, green sometimes burgundy leaves, with deep-red veins, which make
it look like a bodily organ, have pools of water within them. The stench of
that stagnant water and the death within draws flies and other carrion-eating
insects into the bladder. The downward facing hairs within the pitcher do not
allow the insects to fly or crawl out. Those hairs are said to issue a
narcotic, which stuns the insects that then fall into the water. Bacteria in
the water break down the drowned insects and the pitcher plant emits an enzyme
that converts the insect mush into nitrogen that the plant consumes through the
walls of the leaves.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It sounds like a lot of work, and it takes a lot of time, that is if the plant
is lucky enough to catch some insects. All of that, in conjunction with the
rarity of bogs, makes the pitcher plant one of the least common plants in
Western New York. It has a precarious diet while living in a precarious
habitat.<br />
<br />
That has led New York State environmental officials to count the pitcher plant
as an exploitably vulnerable native plant, a classification teetering on threatened.
So, if you see one, do not pick it, even if you count yourself as a skilled
terrarium gardener. Not only is their harvest strictly prohibited on public
land, but doing so also compromises the long-term population of one of our more
interesting plants.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><i>From the 17 July 2022 Wellsville Sun <br /></i></span></p> <br /><p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-25408800226104983772023-06-12T08:14:00.002-04:002023-06-12T08:14:15.262-04:00Some fire companies could be hurt by the EMS Cost Recovery Act<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">As part of the New York State budget that was
approved in April, the Legislature and Governor Kathy Hochul did a good thing
by making law the EMS Cost Recovery Act. This allows volunteer fire companies
to recover costs for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) that they provide. Now
they can bill patients, insurance companies, Medicare, and Medicaid for
ambulance services, just as stand-alone ambulance companies have been able to
do for quite some time. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">It’s a welcome change because nearly half of all
ambulance services in New York are provided by fire departments and running those
EMS operations isn’t a cheap task. Volunteer fire companies have to pay for the
ambulances, maintenance, facilities, medical supplies, training, fuel,
liability insurance, and, at a growing number of fire companies, a nominal
payment to responding volunteers. You’re talking tens of thousands of dollars
annually for a rural EMS provider, hundreds of thousands for a larger suburban
operation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">Without having been able to previously recover
those costs, which officials estimate to be $100 million annually statewide, fire
companies had been left with two options: holding fundraisers (“the 3 Bs”:
bingo, barbeques, and boot drives) or passing the costs onto taxpayers (a quick
look at your municipal budget will show a service fee provided to fire/EMS
companies). Now, because of the Act, volunteers, who have only enough time to
give, can focus on what they joined the department for (saving lives, not
handing our bingo cards) and their agencies can negotiate lower income streams
from towns and villages (which mean lower property taxes). </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">But, this being New York, not all is perfect with
the law. Despite its ability to improve the fortunes for countless fire
companies, the EMS Cost Recovery Act has one glaring weakness that could harm
the budgets of others. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Subdivision 4 of
section 209-b paragraph c of the general municipal law was amended to say, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">“an emergency
and general ambulance service, including emergency</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">medical service…which does not issue a</span>
<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">bill for its services and which requests
an Advanced Life Support (ALS)</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">intercept
from another ambulance service furnishing service in an area</span>…<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">shall pay the ambulance service providing the
ALS intercept an ALS Rural Intercept Fee at rates negotiated between the
providers of such services. In the absence of any agreed upon rates, the
service receiving such ALS intercept shall pay the service providing the ALS intercept
for such services at the usual and customary charge…” </span></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Basically, if a non-billing EMS provider finds
itself in a bind, either because of staffing or the scale of the event to which
they are responding, and need assistance from a neighboring fire/EMS service
for advanced care, the law dictates that the assisting company cannot bill the
patient or the insurer. Instead, they must bill the organization that they are
providing the intercept for. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">For a fire company with a tight budget, that
could be a killer. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">That might cause you the reader to then ask,
as a means to overcome that blemish in the law, “why wouldn’t all fire
companies opt-in to billing their patients now that it’s possible?” </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It’s not that easy. Non-billing fire companies
will continue to exist because their boards and volunteers know that it is the
right thing for their communities. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A perfect example is A.E. Crandall Hook and
Ladder, a volunteer fire company based in Alfred. They won’t be billing their
patients because they know their Allegany County constituency well and
understand billing for an ambulance ride would exert economic pain. For example,
they serve college students at Alfred University and Alfred State College,
young people who are trying to get through college with less debt and likely
have a low-premium, high-deductible health insurance plan, which means they,
not the insurer, would have to foot the bill. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Because of their good intentions, A.E.
Crandall could be hurt considerably by the flaw in the law. Even with having 17
EMTs on their squad, there are 1 to 3 times each year (of their 400 total
ambulance calls) when they have to rely on ALS intercepts. If they were billed
for 3 occurrences, that could account for $4,500, which is 5% of the income
they receive from donors, the village, the towns, and the two colleges. In this
era of inflation, $4,500 can stem some of the increased costs the company faces
on a daily basis. They cannot afford to be without that money. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This issue with the otherwise exceptional EMS
Cost Recovery Act </span>needs immediate action by the Governor’s office. The
offending paragraph in municipal law should be amended to allow ALS
interceptors to bill patients directly. If the State doesn’t fix that, some
rural fire companies like Alfred’s will be penalized just because they choose
to remain non-billing to be just and fair to the communities they serve. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;">Let’s
not hurt those who help us when we’re hurt. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From the 12 July 2022 Greater Niagara
Newspapers, Batavia Daily News, and Wellsville Sun</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></i></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-286536693056217499.post-35711815265817374452023-06-12T08:10:00.006-04:002023-06-12T08:10:44.026-04:00Exploring the Western NY Wilds: Savor the wild strawberry<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgfU2jxCYp1oxqfTa3jdl2RmNafXByaUPv2HPmwFt5tz4uJx0S0vAT_AN6m_CE6LchZBr3WZU12XJJ_VIx2lVPFslbcpH4Ouw9fDK9YmnfChiVCYlHRVnXoddpG-eyTHFUsGFtPjJN4fw9fti6QrXuYy8T78quOrJqrWPNGMBHBiVvRQeeZdgC_7kw3g/s4272/straw2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2848" data-original-width="4272" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgfU2jxCYp1oxqfTa3jdl2RmNafXByaUPv2HPmwFt5tz4uJx0S0vAT_AN6m_CE6LchZBr3WZU12XJJ_VIx2lVPFslbcpH4Ouw9fDK9YmnfChiVCYlHRVnXoddpG-eyTHFUsGFtPjJN4fw9fti6QrXuYy8T78quOrJqrWPNGMBHBiVvRQeeZdgC_7kw3g/s320/straw2.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqqJ8ynekYSpOtrEo6dLYIrIJJu4qEz9anSFAS_lV2xTnttW7BpQlcMo2mGJawrINKcvZYbZoAKwJNSDLglS5_r4iQEqwx8F08WGV5bgFmBxdcJJvGINUoqfZU7ZD16qBonwgp1Lnt56VAgdv1KKMhxT298eSDn4ollcUxA3PFVb9Pw4VxBA6Lk4hHAA/s1600/straw3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqqJ8ynekYSpOtrEo6dLYIrIJJu4qEz9anSFAS_lV2xTnttW7BpQlcMo2mGJawrINKcvZYbZoAKwJNSDLglS5_r4iQEqwx8F08WGV5bgFmBxdcJJvGINUoqfZU7ZD16qBonwgp1Lnt56VAgdv1KKMhxT298eSDn4ollcUxA3PFVb9Pw4VxBA6Lk4hHAA/s320/straw3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /> <br /><br /><br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You haven’t lived until you’ve had
a wild strawberry.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It certainly sounds like an absurd statement, doesn’t it? If you’ve had one strawberry,
you’ve had them all, right?</span></p>
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Not so.</span></p>
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The wild strawberry is nothing like our cultivated specimens. The flavor is
intense, at a magnitude of that of the farmed varieties. They are juicier and
seem like an entirely different fruit. Incredible.</span></p>
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After having one you can see why the French began developing and cultivating
strawberries in the 1700s. But, by doing so and making larger fruits, they lost
much of the flavor (don’t get me wrong – farm raised strawberries are still
pretty darn good).</span></p>
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“Larger fruits,” you ask?</span></p>
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Yes, wild strawberries are nothing like those developed by Man. They are tiny
little things, from two-tenths to four-tenths of an inch in length. You’d need
to find dozens to make for a snack of any size. And, that’s not going to
happen. You’d be lucky to find just one dozen strawberries in a patch. You can
find these berries during the second half of June, in open areas of woodlands,
pastures, and places that some naturalists consider “waste areas” (roadsides,
ditches, rail beds, etc).</span></p>
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They like full sun or else the plant cannot produce fruit. Prior to the
strawberry appearing, you will see a dainty white-petaled flower with a yellow
center that will stay in bloom for most of the second half of May.</span></p>
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The leaves have saw-toothed edges and come in threes. The adage “leaves of
three, let it be,” (which many people apply to poison ivy) has to be ignored if
not altered, or you could destroy these wonderful plants in your lawn or
hedgerow. There are plenty of tasty plants (like clovers and wood sorrels) and
beautiful plants (trilliums, Jack in the Pulpit) with three leaves, so proceed
with caution before spraying Round-up on these plants. If you do find the
flowering strawberry plants in the spring, weed around them so you can enjoy
the fruits.</span></p>
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While we’re talking about the strawberry, let’s end on a technical note. Maybe
you’ll win Jeopardy! someday with this one.</span></p>
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The strawberry is not a berry. By definition a berry has seeds inside of it.
The seeds are on the outside of the strawberry, which means the strawberry is
an aggregate accessory fruit. Each of those individual items that you see as
seeds on the outside of the strawberry are actually individual fruits and the
seeds are inside of them.</span></p>
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But, enough of the technical mumbo-jumbo. You really need to get away from the
computer, go<br />
outdoors and have a wild strawberry…you haven’t lived until you’ve done so.<br /><br /><br /><i>From the 13 June 2023 Wellsville Sun<br /></i></span></p>
<p></p>Bob Conferhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16649912040698431779noreply@blogger.com0